Youtube daily report May 22 2018

[ ♪ Intro ]

Shine a light into the woods at night, and you might see the glow of eyes staring back at you.

But the eyes aren't actually glowing—they're reflecting light off a special layer of tissue

found in some animals called a tapetum lucidum.

The color and shape of this 'eye shine' can tell you what's peering at you from the darkness.

But things are more complicated if you're in the arctic regions of Norway.

Because there, reindeer change the color of that part of their eye seasonally.

That's right—the animals most famous for pulling Santa's sleigh have eyes that change

color to help them see in the darkness of winter.

Animals that need to see well in low light, like cats, raccoons and even reindeer, all

have tapeta lucida.

They sit in back of the eyes right in between the outer layers of the eye and the retina—the

part that actually "sees".

These thin tissues act as reflectors, giving retina a second chance at absorbing light.

Most animals have a particular color of eye shine which depends on the composition and

structure of their tapetum lucida.

But the Eurasian mountain reindeer is different—it's the only one we know of that switches colors,

changing from a summery golden yellow to a deep blue in winter.

And scientists think that's a side effect of how their eyes have adapted to long periods of darkness.

The arctic summers where they live have 24 hour days, and the winters include long stretches of night.

The animals compensate for this in part by making their retinas more responsive to low

light in winter.

And it's believed they can see some wavelengths of UV light.

But that's not the most obvious adaptation.

To see better when it's so dang dark, a reindeer's pupils open wide to let more

light in—kind of like yours do if you go into a dark room.

But when a pupil stretches wider it also flattens the front of the eye ever so slightly, which

increases the pressure inside the eye.

Since their pupils are constantly wide open during winter, that pressure builds up, squeezing

the tiny collagen fibers of the deer's tapetum lucidum closer together.

And this compression causes the color change.

The tightly-packed fibers strongly reflect shorter, blue wavelengths of light, while

the more spaced out ones reflect longer, yellow ones instead -- a phenomenon known as Bragg's Law.

Researchers can actually compress a dissected piece of the reindeer's eye with a tiny

weight and induce this same yellow to blue color change.

But the color isn't what's really important to the animal.

The compressed fibers also scatter light sideways through the retina instead of reflecting it

out of the eye, increasing the amount of light the retina can absorb.

While summer eyes reflect more than 95% of the light shone into them, winter eyes reflect only 40%.

And that likely means the reindeer can see in what seems like total blackness.

The only downside to this amazing feat is that, because light rays inside the eye are

more scattered, everything also looks a little fuzzier.

But that seems a small price to pay.

I wish I could trade a little blurriness for night vision!

Thanks for watching this episode of SciShow!

If you liked learning about reindeers eyes, you might like our episode where we explain

what eyeballs are actually made of.

[ ♪ Outro ]

For more infomation >> Reindeer's Color Changing Eyes Give Them Night Vision - Duration: 3:10.

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La nuova intervista di Loredana Lecciso | K.N.B.T - Duration: 3:45.

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Boxing Legend Sugar Ray Leonard Talks About Charity Boxing Match - Duration: 3:19.

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➤ 20세기 전쟁 양상을 완전히 엎어버린 개인화기 TOP5 ➤ 한국 일보TQK - Duration: 13:14.

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Nadia Rinaldi avvisa Gemma di diffidare di Marco | M.C.G.S - Duration: 3:29.

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Tin tức trong ngày -Gái Nhật Say Xỉn Nằm Bẹp Ngoài Đường - Bạn Sẽ Làm Gì - Duration: 1:38.

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The Good Life - Dr. Joaquin Molina and Music by Tim Gidley - Duration: 58:31.

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Tra Selvaggia Lucarelli e Barbara D'Urso è guerra aperta | M.C.G.S - Duration: 3:39.

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Uomini e donne 23 maggio: Sara ha già fatto la sua sceltaa? | Wind Zuiden - Duration: 3:23.

For more infomation >> Uomini e donne 23 maggio: Sara ha già fatto la sua sceltaa? | Wind Zuiden - Duration: 3:23.

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Grande Fratello 2018, scandalo droga: l'accusa choc di Striscia,ecco chi rischia | Wind Zuiden - Duration: 3:36.

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O Segredo da Casa Vermelha (The Red House, 1947) | Filme completo | Legendado - Duration: 1:40:24.

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Audi TT 1.8 T COUPE 180PK *Origineel Nederlands! - Duration: 1:08.

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Maria De Filippi preoccupata per Gemma Galgani: ecco cos'è successo | Wind Zuiden - Duration: 3:29.

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Antonella Clerici e Carlo Conti insieme per Fabrizio Frizzi, ecco il motivo | Wind Zuiden - Duration: 3:33.

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DIRETTA - Grande Fratello: cosa vedremo nella 6^ puntata? | Nuova Vita - Duration: 2:01.

For more infomation >> DIRETTA - Grande Fratello: cosa vedremo nella 6^ puntata? | Nuova Vita - Duration: 2:01.

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Things Get Tricky On The Hook

For more infomation >> Things Get Tricky On The Hook

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2018 Ford F-150 STX Review - Duration: 1:47.

♪♪♪

Ford gives you four different engine options on the F-150 STX

The most popular being the 2.7 and 3.5 liter V6 Ecoboost

The 2.7 is the better option for gas mileage

getting up to 26 miles per gallon

If you're looking for a truck to hual a heavy load

the STX has your answer

With the Max Tow Trailer Package

you can pull up to 13,200 pounds

but it does require that 3.5 liter ecoboost engine

Ford's Sync 3 system comes standard on the STX

which includes the 8 inch screen

with Apple Car Play and Android Auto

You also have the option to integrate some of your apps

like Waze

Pandora

and Ford Plus Alexa

The STX comes standard with the Sport Appearance Package

which includes body color bumpers

grill with honeycomb insert

upgraded 20 inch aluminum wheels

running board

and the upgraded bucket seat sport cloth interior

that only comes in black with a grey stitch

you also have the option of 8 different colors

this one is called Leadfoot

There's an option to add reverse sensors with an audible tone

to the standard rearview back up cam

We hope you enjoyed the video.

If you have any questions on this vehicle

Please feel free to leave your contact information

on the field below.

and as always, you can visit us

here at the store

at Larry H Miller Super Ford in Salt Lake City

at 1340 S. and 500 W.

Remeber, ask for a Superfordtv Member

We'll be glad to help you.

For more infomation >> 2018 Ford F-150 STX Review - Duration: 1:47.

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That Time It Rained for Two Million Years - Duration: 8:04.

Imagine a world so warm that the ocean feels like a hot tub.

Huge volcanic eruptions have pumped the air full of globe-warming carbon dioxide.

And with the continents locked together from pole-to-pole in the supercontinent of Pangea,

the world is hot, flat, and very, very dry.

Early reptiles and mammal ancestors thrive in this sweltering land, dominating a landscape

that's still struggling to recover from the Permian extinction.

This is Earth, 250 million years ago, at the beginning of the Triassic Period.

But then, starting around 234 million years ago, the climate suddenly changed, for the

wetter.

The rains finally came to this hot, dry world.

And then they stayed … for two million years.

This period of intense rain killed off many of the early reptiles and … confused the

heck out of the geologists who found the flood deposits millions of years later.

This time is known as the Carnian Pluvial Episode, and it set the stage for a new group

of animals to take over the world:

the dinosaurs.

Evidence of just how hot and dry the world was at the start of the Triassic is trapped

in the land beneath our feet.

Rocks from that period are mostly swaths of red sandstones and soil deposits from dry

woodlands, with no sign of the coal swamps that had covered the world during much of

the Permian.

And one major reason that the world was so dry was the shape of Pangea.

With all the continents locked together, rain clouds couldn't move much past the coastlines,

and there were no big mountain ranges to break up the low, arid land.

Now, dinosaurs did exist in this dry, post-Permian world.

But they were still vying for their place among early reptiles and reptile-like mammal

ancestors.

The dominant carnivores back then were the early crurotarsans, a broad group of croc-like

animals that included reptiles like pseudosuchians and phytosaurs.

For example, there was Ornithosuchus, which had long hind legs and could actually stand

up when it wanted to run, which I imagine would've been both awesome and terrifying to

actually see.

But even stranger than these were the rhynchosaurs, herbivores with parrot-like beaks and, sometimes,

cheekbones to die for, all on a chubby lizard body.

And although there were no true mammals, there were dicynodonts -- the closest things to

them at the time.

They're actually more closely related to us than, say, Dimetrodon, despite being scaly,

four-legged creatures with bills and tusks.

All of these fascinating creatures were widespread for most of the Triassic, with one species

of dicynodont – called Lystrosaurus – being so common all over the world that its fossils

were actually used to help construct the idea of Plate Tectonics

But these animals, adapted as they were to life in a dry climate, were in for a big shakeup.

Most of what we know about the history of the climate comes from plant fossils and rock

types.

And in the early 1990's, two British geologists found rocks that didn't match the dry climate

of the Triassic that they knew.

Instead of finding red, slowly-deposited sand, they found thick layers of river rocks, sediments

from giant lakes, and evidence of coal swamps.

All of these were signs of massive rainfall, over the course of some two million years.

But stranger still, these traces of a suddenly wet climate turned out to be everywhere, from

England to the Americas to Israel, in regions that were far apart at the time.

That meant the rise in rainfall must have been world-wide.

Initially, other geologists were skeptical.

Couldn't these rocks just be explained by a lot of big local floods?

Well, over the next two decades, reports of more and more weird rocks kept trickling in,

and they kept pointing to a world that was getting wetter and wetter.

The rocks revealed coal deposits in Austria, traces of ancient lakes in Italy, wet soils

in Utah, and giant rivers in China.

And they all dated to the same window of time -- between 232 and 234 million years ago.

In time, this phenomenon came to be known as the Carnian Pluvial Episode, or CPE.

The Carnian is the name of the geologic age within the Triassic when this all happened.

And for what it's worth I seriously thought about naming this episode the Chronicles of Carnia

but I didn't because that would have been dumb.

And "pluvial" means rain, and it rained a whole awful lot.

For example, one estimate suggests that the average annual rainfall in what's now Utah

almost quadrupled, reaching a peak of 1400 millimeters, or about 55 inches of rain a year.

For context, that's how much that a temperate rainforest gets today, like say, in the Pacific

Northwest.

And this would have happened over, and over, and over again, all around the world.

It was not one big flood; it was more like floods every year, all over the place, for

two million years.

And with all this rain, things were bound to change - and one of the biggest changes

was the sudden abundance of dinosaurs.

In rock dated to the start of the Carnian Pluvial Episode, dinosaurs account for about

5% of the fossils of terrestrial vertebrates.

But by the end, they make up more than 90% of those fossils.

So what made the dinosaurs so suddenly successful?

Were they better off than their competitors in this newly wet world?

Or did other animals simply die, leaving them to rule the world by default?

The key might not have been the rain itself, but what the rain brought with it: a proliferation

of giant plants!

During this time, we begin to see lots of large conifers, and big coal-forming plants,

like the primordial-looking Bennettitales.

For herbivores, this change in food supply could have been a game changer.

For example, rhynchosaurs were abundant, but they were also … short.

And they couldn't stand on their hind legs to reach higher leaves.

This would've been fine in a dry environment, where plants tend to stay close to the ground.

But in a wet forest, rhynchosaurs would've only been able to eat smaller plants, or whatever

leaves and fruit fell to the ground.

Meanwhile, dicynodonts were herbivores, too, but they didn't have teeth.

And, they also didn't use gastroliths, the rocks that some animals - like birds - swallow

to help digest plant material.

Without teeth or gastroliths, dicynodonts would have had a hard time eating anything

fibrous, like wood.

And sure enough, fossils of dicynodont poop from this time have been found to contain

the digested remains of mostly soft ferns, with only very small amounts of wood.

By comparison, some plant-eating dinosaurs - which had both teeth and gastroliths - left

us poop fossils that are up to 85% wood!

Which is a lot of fiber.

So as the climate became wetter, soft small ferns were quickly replaced by tall woody

conifers, which the dicynodonts and rhynchosaurs didn't eat.

And without the rhynchosaurs and dicynodonts, then the carnivores -- those crurotarsans

-- would've lost a lot of their food supply.

So maybe, instead of being better-adapted to this new environment, dinosaurs were just

the only major group of reptiles left standing.

Or, y'know, squatting.

Even though we don't know exactly why the rain helped the dinosaurs, we do know that

dinosaurs became a lot more abundant during the Carnian Pluvial Episode.

And the dicynodonts, the rhynchosaurs and many of the early crurotarsans soon went extinct.

Now, there's still the question of: What made it rain for two million years in the

first place?

Well, right before the rains came, some 235 million years ago, a huge burst of volcanic

activity took place in Alaska and British Columbia.

Today it's known as the Wrangellian eruptions.

These eruptions lasted for more than 5 million years, churning out a layer of lava that got

to be 6 kilometers thick, and releasing enough CO2 to raise temperatures by about 3 to 10

degrees Celsius worldwide.

And, over a very long time, warmer temperatures can create a wetter climate, because they

can speed up the water cycle, driving more evaporation of surface water into the atmosphere,

among other things.

And in fact, because of this increase in atmospheric moisture, the CPE is also sometimes called

the Carnian Humid Episode.

But for what it's worth, my favorite name for this episode by far is The Wet Intermezzo.

Which I think is delightful so let's try to bring that term back, OK?

Anyway, after about a million years of volcanic activity, the atmosphere became so warm and

wet that rain could finally reach even Pangea's vast interior.

OK but then, how did it stop?

Well, when carbon levels are really high for a really long time, our planet can be pretty

good at getting some of the extra carbon back into the ground where it belongs.

Plants take it in and store it in their tissues; weathering and eroding rocks absorb it; and

the oceans soak it up to form carbonate rocks like limestone.

So as the Wrangellian eruptions slowed down, the carbon cycle was eventually able to stabilize,

excess CO2 was reabsorbed from the atmosphere, and the CPE gradually came to an end.

By the time the eruptions had completely ended 230 million years ago, the world had returned

to a classically hot, dry Triassic climate that only ended when Pangea began to break

up.

But even though the Carnian Pluvial Episode was short - only 2 million years – its impacts

on life were permanent.

All that rainfall helped conifers spread and diversify, leading to the pine trees we know

today.

And while the start of the Triassic may have been the land of weird, croc-like-things running

on their hind legs by the time the rains had ended, the world

had fully entered the age of dinosaurs.

Thanks for joining me for this wet intermezzo!

Now, wouldn't you like to have all of natural history right there on your wall?

I would and now you can!

With the first-ever Eons poster, created by Franz Anthony.

Just go to DFTBA.com and links are in the description

Now, let me know what you want to learn about, because you know by now that we read your

comments!

And if you haven't already and I don't know why you wouldn't have

-- but if you havent, you should go to youtube.com/eons and subscribe. Thank you.

For more infomation >> That Time It Rained for Two Million Years - Duration: 8:04.

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Jodi Spoon-Sadlon: School Counselor of the Year - Duration: 3:46.

[ Music ]

>> It's awesome to be a school counselor because I get to work with students and change lives

of the parents, of their siblings.

I get to help with the staff, but more important is that they have changed my life

in the course of a mere nine years.

Where I first came to want to help them when they're not getting along with friends

and help them make new friends, and now, I'm seeing them come to me when I've had a long day

and saying, "Mrs. Spoon, chin up.

High five."

And so, I'm getting back so much more than I ever anticipated.

I thought it was just going to be me giving to them,

and yet they're giving back to me even more.

>> She is definitely that person that you could just call at any point

to really bounce ideas off or if you're stuck with a student or stuck with a situation.

She always seems to have either an idea or a resource

that I can take and really impact my students.

>> Jodi has had a tremendous impact on the organization.

She was initially hired as a part-time school counselor to work at one site,

and she did such a fantastic job that she really laid the foundation for us to move forward

as a district and was really a foundational piece

of us being a state school counseling award winning program last year.

>> When our attendance team came together, we developed a mantra

that we would use called "On time all the time".

So, when I see students in the morning, I have a giant foam hand,

and I'm high fiving kids when they come to school.

And, I say, "On time," and they yell back, "All the time!"

We do it at our Friday flag and our Friday assemblies.

And so, when I go into a class and they've earned the attendance award,

I say, "Who came to school on time?"

And, they say, "All the time!"

It's great.

>> I've learned so much about how to interact with kids,

and she gives everything to anything that she approaches.

She's our go-to person.

>> We're really excited in Murrieta to have elementary school counselors.

We find that it's extremely important with student growth and their mindsets.

Especially during kindergarten through fifth grade and really giving them strategies

and skills that they'll be able to cope with bullying.

They're able to work with their peers better and have study skills that help them.

So, it's another person that can listen to them and be there for them

when they're having that rough day.

>> Mrs. Spoon is a great counselor because she's very kind.

She teaches kindness, and she teaches forgiveness around our school.

It is really helping people learn about it because when there's any bad situation

with somebody, she can always fix it.

>> When my husband passed away three years ago, she organized free classes

for my daughter Lorelei to go for seven months because she loved dancing.

I thought it was very special for us.

And, during Christmas time, she gave us gifts for me, and when my husband passed away,

I was still seven months pregnant.

So, she had given us baby toys.

So, that was really great.

She was very thoughtful.

>> She's amazing, and she just makes me just shine.

And, when principals or other people say, [inaudible] great job, it's like,

"Jodi was the one who helped me out with that," because she just has,

she's such a wealth of resources.

>> Anybody that comes in contact with her has to self-reflect

about am I bringing everything I can bring.

Because they see her doing it every single day, and as a result,

anybody that she comes in contact with gets better.

They just raise their game as a result of seeing what she does,

the passion she brings to working with kids.

It's contagious.

For more infomation >> Jodi Spoon-Sadlon: School Counselor of the Year - Duration: 3:46.

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Police: Woman stole more than $25K in scratch-off revenue - Duration: 0:30.

For more infomation >> Police: Woman stole more than $25K in scratch-off revenue - Duration: 0:30.

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Toksyczne zachowania rodziców – 7 przykładów - Duration: 8:08.

For more infomation >> Toksyczne zachowania rodziców – 7 przykładów - Duration: 8:08.

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ramadan ka islamic nafail,Ramadan K Nafal Parhne Ka Tareeqa,ramadan special namaz nafil - Duration: 1:32.

For more infomation >> ramadan ka islamic nafail,Ramadan K Nafal Parhne Ka Tareeqa,ramadan special namaz nafil - Duration: 1:32.

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✅ Nespoutané Meghan odzvonilo: Jen tři dny po svatbě vypadá jako tělo bez duše! - Duration: 1:20.

Tak tenhle styl k Meghan Markle rozhodně nesedí! Sňatkem s Harrym se stala členkou královské rodiny, která je svázána přísnými pravidly protokolu

A už ho musí také sama dodržovat. V sobotu se tak mohla naposledy obléknout podle svého vkusu, ale od nynějška už nebude moct

Meghan z toho příliš nadšená není, což bylo dobře vidět v úterý na oslavě 70. narozenin prince Charlese

Jindy usměvavá Meghan stála vedle Harryho se strnulým výrazem a ani jednou se neusmála

A bude jenom hůř! Podívejte se na fotky vévodkyně Kate, jak to rozjížděla v dobách, kdy ještě nebyla s Williamem

Uvidíme, jestli se podobně bude měnit i Meghan.