ISRO is one of the smallest space agencies in the world in terms of budgets. A mere $1.1
billion compared to NASA's nearly $19 billion budget per year. And when you consider the
achievements, it really makes you wonder how ISRO does it. Well, let's see the men, of
ISRO who make it possible. Dr K Sivan, Director of Vikram Sarabhai Space
Centre (VSCC) in Trivandrum, The Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre in Trivandrum
is where design and development activities for all the launch vehicles take place. The
centre conducts research on everything, from design of rockets to fuels and composite materials
and guidance systems. The PSLV rocket that put all the 104 satellites in orbit was designed
here. The centre is headed by Dr K Sivan who has been with ISRO since 1982. He designed
software called SITARA, which ISRO uses for simulating trajectories of rockets.
He also led the Reusable Launch Vehicle-Technology Demonstration (RLV-TD) project and was involved
in its design qualification, aerodynamic characterisation and hardware development. The PSLV-C37 launch
carried innovative experiments such as using the IRNSS navigation system for predicting
the orbit of the satellites. The RLV-TD is a Reusable Launch Vehicle-Technology
Demonstration Program; it is a series of technology demonstration missions that have been considered
as a first step towards realizing a Two Stage To Orbit (TSTO) fully re-usable vehicle. A
Winged Reusable Launch Vehicle Technology Demonstrator has been configured to act as
a flying test bed to evaluate various technologies, namely, hypersonic flight, autonomous landing,
powered cruise flight and hypersonic flight using air-breathing propulsion.
S. Somnath, Director of Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre (LPSC)
S. Somanth is an expert in launch vehicle design, He joined ISRO back in 1985. He got
associated with PSLV program early on during its design stages and led the team during
the first two developmental flights of the PSLV. Later, as the Project Manager of the
vehicle engineering and launch services management of PSLV Project, he was responsible for the
mechanisms and pyro-technique systems of the launch vehicle. Under him, the Liquid Propulsion
Systems Centre built the liquid rocket stages for the PSLV rocket and the GSLV rocket. He
was also responsible for the successful sub-orbital test flight of the GSLV Mk3 or LVM3-X mission.
LVM3-X mission is a heavy launch capability launcher being developed by ISRO. It will
allow India to achieve complete self-reliance in launching satellites as it will be capable
of placing 4 tonne class Geosynchronous satellites into orbit. The LVM3 will have an India built
cryogenic stage with higher capacity than GSLV. The first experimental flight of LVM3,
the LVM3-X/CARE mission lifted off from Sriharikota on December 18, 2014 and successfully tested
the atmospheric phase of flight. Crew module Atmospheric Reentry Experiment was also carried
out in this flight. The module reentered, deployed its parachutes as planned and splashed
down in the Bay of Bengal. P Kunhikrishnan, Director of Satish Dhawan
Space Centre (SDSC) He joined ISRO in 1986 and he was responsible
for the flight certification of all the avionics systems of launch vehicles like the PSLV and
GSLV. Under his leadership since 2010, the PSLV project completed more than 13 successful
flights without any glitches. These missions include the Mars Orbiter Mission
which is launched by PSLV C-25, which was an XL variant of the PSLV, one of world's
most reliable launch vehicles. The XL variant was earlier used to launch Chandrayaan in
2008 and GSAT-12 satellite in 2011. The launch of PSLV-C19 an XL variant that carried RISAT-1
the heaviest Indian remote sensing satellite launched by PSLV. The weight of RISAT-1 is
1858 kg. Now as the Director at Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota all the launches
taking place come under his command. Tapan Misra, Director Space Applications Center
(SAC) 9768816180 The Space Applications Center is where all
the systems that go into the Indian satellites are made. The centre is led by Tapan Misra,
who has been with ISRO since 1984. Back in 1990 as a guest scientist at German Space
Agency, he wrote an algorithm for the real-time processing of Synthetic Aperture Radar data.
He also invented the algorithm called track steering algorithm for high-resolution processing
of SAR data for Disaster Management. Under his leadership, the centre built the
Cartosat 2D satellite and for the first time used a 3D printed mirror supporting structure
to hold the lens of the multispectral camera. Innovation by his team led to the lens taking
up less space within the satellite. He also led the development of an indigenous solid
state data recorder. He has two patents to his name, 6 pending patents, 5 copyrights
and 25 papers to his name. Dr. M. Annadurai, Director ISAC
Before taking over as Director, ISAC, he was Programme Director for Indian Remote Sensing
(IRS) and Small Satellite Systems (SSS) at ISAC, Bengaluru. The ISRO Satellite Centre
is where all the satellite sub-systems come together to form the final product. The Cartosat
2D satellite is the biggest payload on the PSLV-C37 was completed by ISAC. Dr Annadurai
had been asked by the Chairman of ISRO to build the satellite by January 26, but Annadurai's
team did it well before time. Usually, next launch of same series of satellite takes about
a year. He and his team are also preparing the GSAT series of satellites that will be
launched in the coming months from Sirharikota. Dr Annadurai was also the lead member of ISRO's
satellite mission team and managed eight INSAT Missions as the Mission Director and brought
about the efficient ground automation for satellite operations. As Project Director,
Dr Annadurai made the most crucial contribution to the realisation of India's first Lunar
Mission, Chandrayaan-1, which won many appreciations and awards including the prestigious Space
Pioneer Award, 2009. Mr. A. S. Kiran Kumar chairman of ISRO,
Mr. Kiran Kumar is a highly accomplished space scientist and engineer with a distinguished
career spanning over four decades in ISRO in the satellite payload and applications
domains. He has made immense contributions to the design
and development of Electro-Optical Imaging Sensors for Airborne, Low Earth Orbit and
Geostationary Orbit satellites starting from Bhaskara TV payload to the Mars Orbiter Mission
payloads. As a Chairman of ISRO, He is responsible for
the implementation of the applications oriented Indian Space Programme, which has facilitated
rapid development of the country in many important spheres. In this pursuit, he is steering the
development of satellites and related technologies for earth observation, communication, navigation,
meteorology and space science, as well as the development of indigenous launch vehicles
and related technologies for providing assured access to space. He has implemented several
path-breaking technologies in the development of electro-optics systems and these seeds
sown by him have now blossomed into an enviable constellation of Remote sensing satellites
by India. His contributions to the success of planetary exploration missions namely,
Chandrayaan-1 and Mars Orbiter Mission from conceptualisation stage to critical orbital
insertion, as well the space science mission - ASTROSAT have been significant. Advanced
communication payloads providing high through-put/bandwidth, navigation payloads for Indian National Regional
Navigation System (IRNSS) and GAGAN have been developed under his supervision.
These guys made every Indian proud and achieved which all developed countries can never think
of in this short span of time. Hats off to all. They are truly inspiration to everyone.
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