(BEETHOVEN'S SIXTH SYMPHONY PLAYS)
Yes, learn an instrument.
(LAUGHS) Yeah. Do it!
MAN: There's a lot of evidence out there
that music really enhances our ability to express ourselves,
to be communicators.
WOMAN: There are thousands of patterns
that you have to absorb in order to create a voice.
Music has to be more than just playing the right notes
and that step only comes when you know the intricacies of a phrase.
BARLTROP: With classical music, there is a level of detail
and a level of structure
that can really enhance our...our cognitive powers.
But not the viola. It's not intellectual.
('DANCE OF THE SUGAR PLUM FAIRY' FROM 'THE NUTCRACKER' PLAYS)
So, classical music has this reputation
for making people smarter.
It's seen as intellectual, highbrow, even elitist.
But is it really or is it just bullshit?
You might have heard of something called the Mozart effect.
The so-called Mozart effect. ('EINE KLEINE NACHTMUSIK' PLAYS)
The Mozart effect. The Mozart effect.
What is the Mozart effect?
DAN: The idea that exposing your drooling toddler to classical music
will have a beneficial effect on its mental development.
Although the term has become pop psychology legend,
the original study didn't even measure IQ.
Participants were actually tested
on abstract spatial reasoning
after listening to Mozart's
Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major. (MOZART SONATA PLAYS)
The study did end up finding
that Mozart listeners had higher test scores.
Sound too good to be true? Well, it was.
Firstly, the effect was temporary, lasting roughly 10 minutes.
Follow-up studies found that listening to Blur
or even a Stephen King audiobook
gave similar results.
(MOZART SONATA ENDS) (SHOUTING)
Although it's disproven, the Mozart effect lives on,
fuelling the myth that if you listen to classical music,
it'll make you smarter.
(ORCHESTRAL MUSIC PLAYS IN ARCHIVE FOOTAGE)
The idea that listening to and participating in music,
uh, makes you smarter,
there are a whole load of elements of truth to that.
It makes you feel happy, it improves our temporo-spatial reasoning.
It allows you to communicate things that can't be said in words.
We mustn't confuse it with the Mozart effect.
Not true! Been disproven!
And, certainly, listening to classical music
also hasn't been proven to make you smarter
than listening to death metal.
(SCREAMS) # Yeahhhh! #
DAN: But it's not just the Mozart effect.
Why do we have this idea of classical music
being this higher form of art?
LINDA: Well, a big part of the elitism
is because we think of classical music composers as geniuses.
It's actually a relatively new thing, though.
In fact, composers
in the 17th and 18th centuries
were paid staff, attached to houses of the European upper class.
They weren't geniuses. They were employees.
"Chef, make me a sandwich.
"Composer, write me a symphony.
"I'm a dickhead."
DAN: Things changed at the turn of the 19th century
and it has a lot to do with that old, sexy topic - copyright.
Basically, the score of a piece of music
could be copied, published and sold.
LINDA: This liberated the composer
from their oppressive rich overlords.
But it also inflated their heads.
Composers started calling themselves geniuses,
in direct communion with nature and the heavens,
channelling the human spirit
through the intangible magic of music.
And the music critics got in on the hype.
Fast-forward 200 years and the idea has stuck.
MAN: People who like classical music
often, you know, think that that music is superior to other forms,
and it tends to be particularly strong,
um, among educated people.
And, you know, people think, "Oh, that makes sense
"because, you know, smart, rich people go to symphonies."
So, that's kind of appealing to people, or something,
that, you know, if you have this sophisticated experience,
it's going to, you know, have some other side effects.
But there's just no evidence that it's true.
So, now we think of classical music as being better for you
than other kinds of music.
But, really, it was just the pop and background music of its time.
DAN: And these composers were just as hedonistic
as the rock and pop stars of today.
Don't forget, Mozart wrote this wonderful little song.
HUMBERSTONE: Music is the most abstract of all the arts.
You can't kind of grab it, you can't pick it up, you can't put it down.
Being involved in music,
by listening to it, by trying to work out how it works,
by making it - whether that's singing
or playing an instrument or tapping a drumbeat on a computer -
that is incredibly good for
all different kinds of brain development.
I think people should learn music
because learning music's a great thing.
(ORCHESTRA PLAYS BEETHOVEN'S SEVENTH SYMPHONY)
So, it turns out that classical music
doesn't actually make people smarter.
But what about...
..non-humans? What about them?
So, it seems like all the experts think classical music
doesn't make people smarter.
But they didn't say anything about guinea pigs.
Meet Ludwig van Pigthoven
and Guinea Stefani.
('BLUE DANUBE WALTZ' PLAYS)
These little bundles of cuteness
are go toe to tiny toe
in a battle of the wits.
Our set designer, Dorothy,
has kindly made us this challenge maze
in order to test the guinea pigs' spatial reasoning skills,
problem-solving and general geniusness.
Ludwig van Pigthoven will be listening to
a selection of classical music for its time in the maze
and Guinea Stefani will be listening to
a selection of inspiring contemporary pop.
LINDA: Who will be the fastest to finish the maze?
Will listening to classical music
make Ludwiggy faster than Guinea Stefani?
There is only one way to find out.
Introducing... ('WILLIAM TELL OVERTURE' PLAYS)
..weighing in at 2.2 pounds,
the Mozart of the Maze,
Ludwig van Pigthoven.
LINDA AND DAN: Ready, set, maze!
DAN: Yes.
('WILLIAM TELL OVERTURE' CONTINUES)
You've totally got it.
No. No!
Totally don't got it.
(GASPS) Oh... Well...OK.
It's movement of some kind.
(SINGS TO OVERTURE MELODY) # Triumphant
# Piggies in a maze
# Yes! # Good work.
Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. Yes!
Oh, my God!
Incredible.
I love this!
('WILLIAM TELL OVERTURE' CONTINUES)
Yes! Amazing!
Go, Ludwig! Go, Ludwig!
No... No...
Ludwiggy had some trouble in the first section of the maze
but then blitzed through the middle.
Heading into the fifth minute.
No... Come on.
No, that's...that's Bach.
Definitely pre-dates Pigthoven.
He needed some coaxing in the last half...
Almost... (GASPS)
Oh! Stop the clock!
..but made it across the finish line in style.
Well done, Ludwiggy.
You've laid down the challenge for Guinea Stefani.
That is gonna be a tough time to beat.
LINDA: And now, the challenger!
At 1.8 pounds, this pop princess
can chase the pace.
It's Guinea...Stefani!
(FUNKY POP MUSIC PLAYS)
Yeah!
Mm-hm. Got it.
You're funky, you're fresh. You know how to strut it.
Oh, not backwards.
DAN: Come on, Guinea Stefani. You can do it.
Let this inspirational groove
propel you through the maze.
We're not against you jumping over the top.
It's OK on Mario Kart, it's OK here.
(LAID-BACK POP MUSIC PLAYS)
Incredible work.
(GASPS)
Yes!
Uh-oh. Oh!
Oh...
We tried to give Guinea Stefani as much support as we could,
got rid of the pom-poms, turned our backs,
even stopped the music.
But in the end, she just couldn't complete the race.
So, we called it a day.
DAN: So, it's clear - classical music did help Ludwiggy
complete the maze.
Yes, but did it make our furry little friend any smarter?
Uh, debatable. And what about our science?
Was it flawed?
As an academic...definitely.
I think the takeaway is that music in general is good for you
and that learning it and playing it are probably gonna make you smarter.
Yeah, and it doesn't even have to be classical music.
It can be anything.
Unless you're a guinea pig,
in which case, maybe avoid music in general.
And just be cute and fat, like this.
Maybe avoid mazes as well, I reckon. Ohh!
Eee-oooh! Hold me, Dan!
Give me celery!
Captions by Red Bee Media
Copyright Australian Broadcasting Corporation
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