6 Signs Your Liver Might Be Failing
Hucksters selling bogus health products (like juice cleanses) love to talk about all the
"toxins" in your body—toxins their products will supposedly remove.
But sit down with a doctor, and she'll tell you your body already has a built-in, ultra-effective
toxin remover: your liver.
Your liver not only acts as a filter for your blood, but it also produces hormones, stores
energy, and makes compounds that allow your gut to digest food.
And those are just a few of its many essential duties.
Considering your liver's outsize role in keeping you hale and healthy, you'd think even small
problems with it would stand out.
But that's not the case, says Bruce Bacon, MD, a professor of internal medicine and chair
of gastroenterology at the St. Louis University School of Medicine.
"Hepatitis C used to be called the 'silent epidemic' because many people who had it weren't
aware of it," Bacon explains.
By the time you're showing signs or symptoms of liver problems—whether due to hepatitis,
fatty liver disease, or something else—chances are good that cirrhosis has already set in,
he says.
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thousands of people finally solve the mystery of what's ailing them.)
Cirrhosis is a type of serious liver deterioration that results from a long-standing disease
or injury, says Jamile Wakim-Fleming, MD, a liver disease expert at Cleveland Clinic.
Think of cirrhosis as arthritis of your liver; once it settles in, you're in trouble.
Patients with liver cirrhosis are at significant risk for liver cancer and may eventually require
a transplant, Wakim-Fleming says.
Fatty liver disease—which often goes hand in hand with obesity—is the most common
cause of liver issues, Bacon says.
"Some estimates suggest up to 25 million people have fatty liver disease," he adds.
The various forms of hepatitis, as well as excessive drinking, are other common causes
of liver problems, he says.
Drinking in moderation, sticking to a healthy diet, and getting plenty of exercise is your
best defense against liver problems, Wakim-Fleming says.
Bacon also recommends regular checkups with your doctor, which can allow him or her to
spot blood markers of unrecognized or impending liver issues.
(Over 50?
Make sure you're getting these 5 blood tests.)
This is your body on alcohol:
There are also a handful of common symptoms associated with liver disease.
If you experience any of these, get yourself to a doctor on the double.
Abdominal aches
Feeling sore, swollen, or achy in the "right upper quadrant" of your abdomen is a sign
your liver might be in peril, Bacon says.
While your liver spans most of your abdominal cavity, it's shaped like a wedge, and its
fat end is housed on your right side.
If it's damaged or inflamed, you may feel it there, he says.
Yellow eyes or skin (jaundice)
When your body breaks down old blood cells, one of the byproducts created is a yellowish
compound called bilirubin.
While a healthy liver has no problem disposing of bilirubin, a diseased liver allows bilirubin
to build up in your blood, which can turn your skin and eyes yellow, Wakim-Fleming explains.
(Here are 10 things the color of your eyes can say about you.)
This is jaundice.
"Dark urine and light feces are also signs of jaundice," she adds.
Joint pain
Arthritis-like joint pain, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and loss of appetite are all interrelated
symptoms of liver disease—particularly autoimmune hepatitis, Wakim-Fleming explains.
Autoimmune hepatitis is a condition in which your immune system mistakenly attacks the
cells and tissues of your liver, and it's more common in women than men, according to
the National Institutes of Health.
Skin spots
If your liver is not properly cleaning your blood, you could have clotting issues near
the surface of your skin, Wakim-Fleming says.
These sorts of clotting issues can result in "spider angiomas," or large skin blemishes
that resemble spiders or asterisks, she explains.
"They're common on the chest and torso," she adds.
(Here are 7 types of skin spots you should get checked out.)
Confusion
A diseased liver can allow too much copper to build up in your blood and brain, Wakim-Fleming
says.
"This can lead to Alzheimer's-like confusion," she says.
She adds that this sort of confusion is associated with advanced-stage liver disease, meaning
it's unlikely to be the first (or only) symptom you experience if your liver is in trouble.
Muscle wasting
An oversize belly or swollen ankles coupled with skinny, weak arms and legs could result
from fluid imbalances caused by a diseased liver, Wakim-Fleming says.
This muscle wasting can also show up above your cheeks and around your temples, she says.
But again, these are late-stage liver disease symptoms—and not something you're likely
to notice one day out of the blue.
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