Hello, I'm Sarah Cornell and I'm a coordinator of the International Planetary Boundaries
Research Network at Stockholm Resilience Centre. My own research is about human changes to
global environmental processes. I'm going to talk with you about human impacts on the
global nitrogen and phosphorus cycles. The global biogeochemical cycles link the living
and the non-living parts of the Earth system. Chemical relationships control the general
patterns of interaction between geological and biological processes. It's the way that
the nutrient elements flow through land, ocean and atmosphere that ultimately regulate all
of life on the planet. And human activities are changing all of these basic cycles. As
we explore this topic, I'll make reference to very simplified diagrams like this one,
that show the present day cycles and the human changes. The arrows just show the overall
annual flows of the elements between the Earth's crust, atmosphere, oceans and the biosphere,
that is all the living organisms on Earth. It's important to keep in mind that these
flows are the result of many different Earth system processes, and at the same time it's
also important to remember that in the boxes, atmosphere, ocean, biosphere, and so on, we
see many processes and feedbacks happening all the time. The Earth system is a very dynamic
system, and the simple diagram is a very simple representation. Because all of these boxes
are connected to each other through these different processes, human activities in one
will play out in all of the others. It's these consequences that mean that we need a planetary
boundary for nutrient elements. Piecing together the global budgets, in other words putting
the numbers on the up and down arrows in those diagrams, is one of the major achievements
of the last 50 years. It takes international and interdisciplinary research, and it involves
scientists working in all kinds of environments around the world. People are most familiar
with the global carbon cycle because changes in carbon are so tightly linked to the climate
system. The figure shows some of the processes that are happening at the moment. And here
is the first of the simple flow diagrams I talked about. The numbers show the annual
flows between the different stocks of carbon in the Earth system, and the red arrow shows
the human disturbance. Every year the biggest single change that we make to the carbon cycle
is that we're moving carbon from underground fossil fuel stocks into the atmosphere. We
also contribute carbon dioxide into the atmosphere through deforestation and agriculture. But
our main concern is that this carbon dioxide is accumulating in the atmosphere where it
acts as a greenhouse gas. Climate is changing as the concentration increases. But carbon
isn't the only element that we're changing. People are much less familiar with the other
elemental cycles, but they're just as important, and actually they're tightly linked to carbon
and the climate system too. In this picture you can see the main changes in the nitrogen
cycle. Nitrogen is one of the essential elements that sustains all of life on Earth. We use
it in our proteins that make up our muscles, for example. The flow diagram shows the natural
changes in white and the red arrows show the major changes that humans are causing in the
system. The biggest change is the transformation of atmospheric nitrogen into reactive forms,
like nitrate and ammonia. We do this because we need that nitrogen as fertilizer for the
food production. We also fix nitrogen from the atmosphere through many other processes,
industrial processes and transport as well. Right now the red arrow of nitrogen fixation
is bigger than the natural arrow of natural biogenic fixation of nitrogen. We are currently
more than doubling the natural rate of drawing down of nitrogen from the atmosphere into
the biosphere, but you can see that that isn't all that we're doing. This nitrogen is not
all taken up by crops. A large amount is being released back into the atmosphere where it
causes air pollution problems and acid rain, and is a climate greenhouse gas, and the rest
is released into rivers and oceans where we have problems of nitrogen enrichment and eutrophication.
I'll explain what that is in a little while. This is happening all around the world. When
rivers, lakes, and coastal zones have very high concentrations of nitrogen, and other
nutrient elements, the most responsive organisms draw up this nutrient most quickly. We end
up with algal blooms, microorganisms are thriving in these water conditions. The image shows
areas where there are very large amounts of marine algae, reflecting the highest concentrations
of nutrient elements. In the nitrogen cycle we have another particular challenge, which
is that a large amount of the nitrogen is transported all around the world, very large
distances, in the atmosphere. We see biogeochemical and ecological tipping points in area far
away from the most intense sources. The densely populated areas have the most intense nitrogen
pollution problems, but you can see from the figure that in this century of industrial
activity, nitrogen really has become a global problem. The issue is not just a regional
one. And nitrogen is not the only element that's causing us concern at the moment. The
phosphorus cycle is also being changed very substantially by human activity, and phosphorus
is another one of these essential nutrient elements. The figure again shows the processes
that are happening in the Earth system, and the simple diagram shows the natural flows
in white and the major human perturbation in red. Unlike nitrogen and carbon, phosphorus
isn't really affecting the atmosphere. The biggest change is that human activities are
mining it from the ground and applying it to land surfaces for agriculture, 25 million
tons a year. But a large amount of this phosphorus is being mobilized in the Earth system through
the watercourses. It goes into our rivers and receiving oceans. It also contributes
to nutrient enrichment. Nutrient enrichment doesn't really sound like a problem, but it
is a very serious one. Locally it's a major problem for public health and environment,
and it's an economic issue as well. In nutrient-enriched water systems biodiversity typically decreases.
And when the algal blooms die and rot away they starve the water of oxygen. We end up
with dead zones, and this is another example of tipping points that we see in the environment.
It's the risk of large and irreversible dead zones in the oceans that really calls for
a planetary boundary for phosphorus. The changes in both the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles
are largely driven by the same human activity. In other words, fertilizer application for
food production. The global impact arises from regional activities, so a really major
area for research and policy at the moment is to improve the global assessment of both
these nutrient elements. The planetary boundaries for human interference in the global nutrient
cycles now reflect these regional differences. The ecological impacts of the eutrophication
of surface waters, and increasingly we're working on trying to improve the links between
the elemental cycles because they're linked in nature.
For more infomation >> Interference with Global N & P Cycles, Planetary Boundaries and Human Opportunities 5-1-3 - Duration: 7:23.-------------------------------------------
Ola Cab | Ola Guardian Features 2018 | Latest Technology Updates 2018 - Duration: 2:42.
Ola Cab
Ola Guardian Features 2018
Latest Technology Updates 2018
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6LACK - Pretty Little Fears ft. J. Cole (Lyrics) - Duration: 4:01.
6LACK - Pretty Little Fears ft. J. Cole (Lyrics)
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சந்திரனும் தொப்பியும்: வசனவரிகளுடன் தமிழ் அறிவோம் - சிறுவர்கள் மற்றும் பெரியவர்களுக்கான கதை - Duration: 2:05.
The Moon and the Cap
By Noni
All of us went to the village fair.
Papa bought Chintu fancy glasses.
Mother bought me a bright blue cap.
The baby got candy.
On the way home,
a very strong wind came.
It blew my cap away.
My cap got stuck
on a branch of the old pipal tree.
I cried a lot.
And I did not eat my dinner.
Later that night, the moon came up.
It looked at my cap
on the old pipal tree.
It tried on my cap.
The moon smiled happily.
I had to smile too.
After school the next day,
my mother gave me
a shiny new red cap.
"The moon sent it,"
she said.
That night,
both the moon and I
wore our caps
and smiled.
We were happy.
Do you think
the sun needs a hat?
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Jerry Springer Show (September 28, 2018)Ashley learns that her fiance hooked up with... - Duration: 5:47.
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The Old Ursuline Convent - Scariest Ghost Stories & Legends - Duration: 4:34.
The myths and legends behind the Old Ursuline Convent are creepy and weird, but are they
true?
Let's discuss.
Built in New Orleans in the mid-1700s, the Old Ursuline Convent is a beautiful and historic
building.
The structure, and the nuns who call the convent home, have witnessed some major events in
American history.
In 1788, when the Good Friday Fire destroyed much of New Orleans, the convent was, some
say miraculously, left standing.
The Battle of New Orleans in 1815 was fought within earshot of the convent, which acted
as a hospital for the wounded.
For those drawn to stories of the potentially supernatural, the Old Ursuline has a number
of tales to give you the creeps.
One legends tells of workers doing restoration work on the convent.
One day, the workers began discovering bones buried around the foundations of the building.
What started as a puzzling find became more and more disturbing as the workers unearthed
more and more remains.
To top it off, many of the remains appeared to be that of children.
The convent had once served as an orphanage, so what was going on?
There are all sorts of stories that have sprung up to explain the bones, if there really were
any discovered.
Assuming remains were found, one possible explanation points to the frequent Yellow
Fever epidemics that tore through New Orleans in the past.
Perhaps some of the orphans living at the convent fell victim to the fever, and the
nuns, knowing these children had no where else to go, buried them on the convent's
grounds.
Perhaps not a supernatural explanation, but certainly a sad one.
Now for another legend, that of the Casket Girls.
In the 1700s, the French were trying to secure their holdings in the new world.
The problem was that there were too many men and not enough women to bolster the population.
The solution was to import women from France to the New World, including New Orleans, as
brides.
The Casket Girls, as they are called, were a number of these brides-to-be.
These young women arrived in New Orleans with large wooden boxes, shaped like caskets some
say, to carry their belongings.
Things didn't go well for the women, who were supposedly deathly pale and gaunt and
not terribly attractive to the men they were supposed to marry.
Eventually, the women returned to France.
Their "caskets", however, were left behind.
As the story goes, the nuns of Ursuline took the boxes and placed them on the third floor
of the convent.
The boxes were heavy when the nuns placed them in storage, but when they checked on
them some time later, the nuns found the boxes empty.
That led to speculation as to what was actually inside.
Many believed that vampires had made their way to the New World, transported by the Casket
Girls.
With the idea being that vampires must return to their caskets, it was said that the nuns
waited for the monsters to return and then sealed up the third floor, making every effort
to contain the evil.
Yet it appeared their efforts were in vain.
In the 1970s, a group of amateur paranormal investigators camped out overnight at the
convent.
In the dark of night, sleep overcame the researchers, and it was then that something attacked.
The next day the group was discovered, torn to pieces and drained of blood.
Now, is any of this story true?
Well, French women did come to the New World to become brides, and it's no stretch to
believe they carried large trunks and boxes with them.
You can also imagine how they might arrive pale and sickly-looking after a long sea voyage.
But vampires in the convent?
The convent does have heavy hurricane shutters on the third floor, and that area has been
used for storage.
The vampire part, though, is probably just a story….
probably.
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Jerry Springer Show (September 28, 2018) - Duration: 3:01.
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Top 3 Ways to Relax | Official Orbeez
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TOP 10 Jak vidí svět lidé s očními vadami - Duration: 10:07.
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小S参加真人秀,英语流利抛梗不断,网友:谢娜达不到的高度! - Duration: 2:09.
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Как снимать влоги, звук, камера Кейси Нейстат, Sony, Canon, Rode или Aliexpress - Duration: 4:35.
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Jerry Springer Show (September 28, 2018)Ashley learns that her fiance hooked up with... - Duration: 5:47.
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Sovětské letouny v korejské válce (1950-1953) - Duration: 0:57.
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Solaříková z Ulice v obležení maminek: Kdy se dočká vlastního potomka? - Duration: 2:21.
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Jerry Springer Show (September 28, 2018) - Duration: 3:01.
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DEUTSCHLAND vs SÜDAFRIKA - Wer hat die meiste Feuerkraft? [2018] - Duration: 3:53.
Military Power Comparison
Germany vs South Africa
Total Population
Land Area (km²)
Defense Budget
Active Military Personnel
Nuclear Weapon
Tanks
Armored Fighting Vehicles
Multiple Rocket Launchers
Self-Propelled Artillery
Towed Artillery
Army
Attack Aircraft
Transport Aircraft
Trainer Aircraft
Attack Helicopters
Helicopters
Air force
Aircraft Carriers
Submarines
Destroyers
Frigates
Corvettes
Minesweepers
Patrol Boats
Navy
Military Ranking
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Boris Davids | The dirt that I love (REMIX) - Duration: 3:37.
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GİZLİ KƏND -SHADOW OF THE TOMB RAİDER - Duration: 15:11.
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9/27/18 8:10 PM (1812 S Brand Blvd, Glendale, CA 91204, USA) - Duration: 2:18.
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Laura Smet et David Hallyday : La victoire secrète -[Nouvelles 24h] - Duration: 2:31.
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Hush Little Baby | Kindergarten Nursery Rhymes Songs for Children | Kids Cartoons | Little Treehouse - Duration: 1:00:48.
Hush, little baby, don't say a word
Mama's gone a buy you a mockingbird.
And if that mockingbird won't sing,
Mummy is gone a buy you a diamond ring.
If that diamond ring turns brass,
Mummy is gone a buy you a looking glass.
And If that looking glass gets broke,
Mummy is gone a buy you a billy goat.
If that billy goat won't pull,
Mummy is gone a buy you a cart and bull.
And if that cart and bull turn over,
Mummy is gone a buy you a dog named Rover.
If that dog named Rover won't bark,
Mummy is gone a buy you a horse and cart.
And if that horse and cart fall down,
You'll still be the sweetest little boy in town.
So hush little baby, don't you cry,
Daddy loves you and so do I.
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Jerry Springer Show (September 28, 2018)Ashley learns that her fiance hooked up with... - Duration: 5:47.
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海贼王:这4个画面必须闭眼,尤其是后两幕,小学生看会被打的 - Duration: 5:22.
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Cowboys Former QB Tony Romo Hints at Return to Sideline | Heavy.com - Duration: 3:59.
Cowboys Former QB Tony Romo Hints at Return to Sideline | Heavy.com
Dallas Cowboys former quarterback Tony Romo was asked about a return to the NFL both as a player and then as a coach.
Longtime Dallas Cowboys quarterback Tony Romo seems more than happy with his current job calling out plays before they happen as an NFL analyst.
But that doesn't mean there won't be a change coming in his future.
As Jori Epstein of The Dallas Morning News revealed, Romo joined the Ben and Skin Show on 105.
3 The Fan and was asked what he'd do if Cowboys owner Jerry Jones asked him to return as a coach.
"Many years from now, I'm sure I'll get back into the game a little bit from that perspective," Romo told 105.
3 The Fan.
Apparently, Romo isn't joking about the "many years" part, though, and it's simply because he loves spending time with his kids right now.
He elaborated on that thought during the interview and spoke exactly how you'd expect a proud father sound.
"Coaching takes up so much time away from your kids," Romo continued.
"I think that's years down the road before I'd want to do that.
I get one shot at raising these little guys and believe me, they enjoy when I come home and pretty much wear me out for the three, four hours every night before bed in a fun way.
"They're pretty enjoyable to be around right now.
So I don't want to miss that for anything right now.".
Return to the NFL as a Quarterback for Romo?.
As you could have guessed, Romo had to answer the hot-button question before diving into the fun stuff.
Although it's been close to three years since Romo played a regular-season NFL game, he was asked on 105.3 The Fan if he was healthy enough to make a comeback.
After admitting that health wouldn't be the issue, Romo was asked the million-dollar question, as Epstein revealed.
So if his physical health won't preclude him, is he up to exploring it? "You guys are silly," Romo said, laughing when asked.
We'll take that as a yes.
Or, at least a maybe.
Regardless, at this point, my interest is fully on the idea of Romo as a coach, because it seems as though he'd be incredibly good at it.
Time will tell, but for now, we'll have to settle for the former Cowboys quarterback as one of the most enjoyable analysts in the NFL.
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Jerry Springer Show (September 28, 2018) - Duration: 3:01.
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There's A Scary Pumpkin | Halloween Songs For Children | Speedies Car Cartoons - Duration: 1:00:20.
There's A Scary Pumpkin
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ITALIA vs SUDAFRICA ✪ Eserciti a confronto (2018) - Duration: 3:53.
Military Power Comparison
Italy vs South Africa
Total Population
Land Area (km²)
Defense Budget
Active Military Personnel
Nuclear Weapon
Tanks
Armored Fighting Vehicles
Multiple Rocket Launchers
Self-Propelled Artillery
Towed Artillery
Army
Attack Aircraft
Transport Aircraft
Trainer Aircraft
Attack Helicopters
Helicopters
Air force
Aircraft Carriers
Submarines
Destroyers
Frigates
Corvettes
Minesweepers
Patrol Boats
Navy
Military Ranking
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Hello Halloween | Halloween Songs For Children | ABC Heroes Cartoons - Duration: 1:01:57.
Watch out..
The monsters around if your all alone give your friends a shout...
The ghosts and the spooks coming out of the nooks
As your door bell ring can you here them sing..
Hello, It's Halloween
Hello, It's Halloween
Hello, It's Halloween
Hello, It's Halloween
The air is cool and the moon is full turn on the light before the vampire bite
The witches are cooking the zombies are looking..
As your door bell ring can you hear them sing...
Hello, It's Halloween
Hello, It's Halloween
Hello, It's Halloween
Hello, It's Halloween
Watch out
The monsters around if your all alone give your friends a shout...
The vampires flying and the werewolf's hunting..
As your door bell ring can you hear them sing...
Watch out
The monsters around if your all alone give your friends a shout...
The ghosts and the spooks coming out of the nooks.
As your door bell ring can you here them sing.
Hello, It's Halloween
Hello, It's Halloween
Hello, It's Halloween
Hello, It's Halloween
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Laura Smet : ce nouveau combat qu'elle doit mener dans l'urgence... -[Nouvelles 24h] - Duration: 1:49.
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HOW TO DRAW A MUMMY | Halloween Cartoon Drawing | BLABLA ART - Duration: 10:47.
How to draw a Mummy
Don't miss any Blabla Art episode
Subscribe! :)
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May 68 and Popular Graphics | Soy Cámara V.O.Subt.Spanish - Duration: 9:52.
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Trying TEST Milk Tea & Makeup | Trisha Belle ♡ - Duration: 16:44.
Hello all!
we're here at bon appl...umm oh no..
it taste coffee
I chose coffee jelly for add-on
this tastes so good
I'm the only one who bought the drink milk tea.
three of my friends bought bread with the carbonara and...(frappe tea)
SHE: give the half bread. thank you
HE: hello how's everything?
we're enjoying..
Today's september 22,saturday
I recently arrived here in home
at 6:50pm evening. (repeat)
Now its 7:15pm
I'm not yet eating my dinner..later
first i will remove my makeup
I'm getting my mirror
MOM: you eat dinner now?
Look,I'm filming right now
I bought the ce--wrong..
careline cheek and lip tint
maybelline fit me concealer
it's from Watsons
clearly?
this is P249
P95
its total P344
I'm trying to test those two makeups
first,I will open this
I watched the title simple makeup look on yt
and also read the description, "make up products used for list" e.g maybelline
I chose one to buy it. hmph
Next, the second item is...
but there is one black little spot.
Look so simple
Ow! it's hurting me! (for metal)
Now I'll talk about how the show was about.
I met with my friends there at milk tea cafe
(signed their names)
After we went to the milk tea cafe together already then we go to robinsons mall to see
if theres hashtag actors, five? I don't know their names
but I just saw the pictures only.
arrived in robinsons, and we met some deaf people (signed their names)
we're frustrated
Before showtime hashtag actors came on sept 15 already
sayang
so I hope you guys enjoyed here this video,please give this a big thumbs up if you liked it.
and don't forget to click the subscribe button for more (future vids)
Thank you for watching,I'll see you on next video! have a good day, bye
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Gonzalo Goytisolo: l'art noble del retrat - Duration: 3:46.
Yes it is possible, if you are a portrait photographer, you find the photo, in that magical moment where everything is perfect ...
But I am not like that, I am a competent photographer, but I am not really a photographer.
So, I take a lot of photos and from all those photos I'm taking ...
I try to make them compatible with each other, and I take what interests me from each one to make the portrait that I want.
The funny thing is the portrait, although it's all a lie, in the sense that it's the Monster of Frankenstein and such ...
... because of the work ethic, what you try is to be faithful to the feeling that person has given you.
Interestingly, you make a fiction that tries to recreate what you think of that person.
Obviously, also, if in this case it is a commissioned portrait it is a benevolent fiction:
in as much as, if that person has commissioned you something is not to make you look bad.
Then you, of that person, see what you find to be virtues, things that you think can speak in this person favor in a portrait.
But, it is important that it is credible.
And then, if it's credible, it works.
I imagine putting a man still in the middle of a moving world, which is also good to talk about a writer.
Because, on the other hand, the writer looks at you, as a spectator,
while everyone, clearly here, are involved in their things, in their own lives and do not realize much about the spectator.
And then, that also works a bit as a metaphor for what the writer does, the writer takes a world and presents it to you or explains it to you in its own way.
This painting is quite eloquent of how the needs that the painting itself creates, as you build them,
you build the painting and even build the background of the painting;
I mean, the intention of the painting is not a thing in my case, that ...
there is a germ in the beginning, but until it is finished, the intention is not finished.
And what has to have a portrait, and it's what I'm looking for, is, first of all, it's a good picture in itself.
I mean, you must see it, do not know who is the person in the portrait and that the painting somehow works as a mechanism, as assembled pieces. Painting works.
And secondly, what differentiates a portrait from a good painting in general is that it has to give you the feeling of a concrete and real person.
There's a Barcelona brand. There is a brutal Barcelona brand.
I mean, something is happening here that is amazing, but what happens?
That many of the galleries are hanging by a thread and many of the galleries do not enhance the risk.
What is happening in Barcelona is tremendous and it has been happening for some time:
what happens is that it also hurts you to see how men of value and women of value are withering because they are not in the area that they deserve.
If we could communicate the passion behind all this work, it would be very important.
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新澤西各地都拍到「巨型的 UFO母艦!」 有字幕 - Duration: 10:05.
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Angel & Cordelia | I'm Lost Without You - Duration: 3:59.
Do you ever wonder...
Do you ever think about...
If we'd met up that night...
- And had a change to... - All the time.
- She's afraid. - I'm more afraid of her dying than she is.
I wanna jump through the big swirly hole thingy and save Cordelia.
But we might never be able to get back!
It's Cordy.
You've become a truly extraordinary woman.
If I lose the visions, I wouldn't be able to help you anymore.
You wouldn't need me.
That's not why I need you.
You're important.
I need you back.
Cordelia, do you have any idea just how precious you are?
Thank you, thank you, thank youuuu!
Are you still...
Grrrr!
You can't fire me.
I'm vision girl.
I love you.
You two are so obviously connected.
You finish each other's sentences and you laugh at the same jests.
- When he grieves, when he is hurting... - Her heart breaks for you.
Cordelia: Were we in love? Angel: Were we in love?
We were.
- I'm fine! - I'm not leaving till you open the door.
Get some rest.
- You need to rest. - I need Cordy.
Wherever she is...
Whatever she's going through.
Cordelia, don't make me move you.
How about you stop being angry at me?
How about you stop pretending to give a damn about my feelings!
I don't even know who you are anymore.
I'm lost without you.
Angel!
- You just forgot who you are. - Remind me.
I can tell you who you were.
A guy who always fought his hardest for what was right,
Even when he couldn't remember why.
And that's the guy I fell in...
- You did it to save me. - And I'd do it again.
I'm in love... with Angel.
I can't leave without telling him! I won't.
This is happening to you because of me.
Because of me!
So I can't leave you, Angel.
I won't.
It's gonna be a long while, till you work your way out.
But I know you well enough to know you will.
And I'll be with you until you do.
And you're welcome.
Thank you.
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ITALIA vs SUDAFRICA ✪ Eserciti a confronto (2018) - Duration: 3:53.
Military Power Comparison
Italy vs South Africa
Total Population
Land Area (km²)
Defense Budget
Active Military Personnel
Nuclear Weapon
Tanks
Armored Fighting Vehicles
Multiple Rocket Launchers
Self-Propelled Artillery
Towed Artillery
Army
Attack Aircraft
Transport Aircraft
Trainer Aircraft
Attack Helicopters
Helicopters
Air force
Aircraft Carriers
Submarines
Destroyers
Frigates
Corvettes
Minesweepers
Patrol Boats
Navy
Military Ranking
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