Youtube daily report Apr 24 2018

Thank you to Dollar Shave Club for supporting SciShow.

[ INTRO ]

With so many ways that people can get hurt, researchers are always on the lookout for

non-addictive ways to treat severe or chronic pain.

And in 2006, they found a compound that may work even better than morphine called opiorphin.

It was hiding right under our noses... in human spit.

In 2003, scientists found a similar compound in rat saliva, which is released in response

to stressful situations, like being in pain.

So the team went searching for one in humans too, and they found opiorphin.

To be totally clear, it's not like this chemical is constantly numbing your mouth

and body.

Opiorphin naturally gets broken down in your digestive tract, so it doesn't seem to stick

around and have pain-relieving effects.

And even if you're the kind of person who licks their paper cuts, we're not sure if

it does anything on your skin, or if there's enough of it to make you feel better.

Scientists figured out how opiorphin works by isolating it and doing experiments mostly

not in whole living organisms.

And its painkiller abilities are a little roundabout.

Specifically, it binds to enzymes in the body that break down another class of pain-killing

compounds called enkephalins.

Enkephalins are peptides — shorter amino acid chains.

And kind of like endorphins, they bind to opioid receptors in the central nervous system

and keep certain signals from reaching the brain, so you don't perceive pain.

Basically, they help make you feel good!

Since pain is a sign that something's wrong, you can't have enkephalins around all the

time.

So your body also has a group of enzymes called proteases that tidy up.

They break down proteins and peptides, and help make sure the right signals are being

sent and received.

Opiorphin blocks a couple specific proteases that break down enkephalins, so these pain-relieving

chemicals stick around longer.

Researchers think that compounds like opiorphin might exist because they help in times of

danger — they block out pain to let us run away from whatever's causing it in the first

place.

But to figure out what opiorphin is capable of, scientists ran a few different tests.

In one, they injected a chemical irritant called formalin into rat paws.

.

Not only that, but opiorphin seemed to be almost as effective as a slightly higher dose

of morphine.

The other was a pin-pain test, where the rats had to walk over a pin-covered surface.

Like a human on a bed of nails, the pins were close enough that the rats couldn't stab

themselves, but were still uncomfortable.

Here, too, the researchers found that opiorphin seemed to work almost as well as morphine

to keep the pain at bay.

As far as we can tell from testing rats, opiorphin is less addictive than opioid painkillers

like morphine.

And scientists think we're less likely to become tolerant, or need more drug over time

to get the same effects.

Unfortunately, it's also pretty likely that opiorphin doesn't just block proteases that

break down enkephalins — which might mean unwanted side effects.

So we still have a lot of questions about what this painkiller is doing in our spit,

and how to turn it into medicine.

But it's a pretty cool find, and may be useful someday.

But for now, even with a painkiller in your saliva, you can't lick your own face to

alleviate razor burn.

You could maybe lick your armpits if you shave them, but would you want to?

And if you've ever tried to test out shaving cream and a razor in the store, you know that

does not go over well.

Luckily!

The aptly named Dollar Shave Club is offering SciShow viewers their "Daily Essentials"

Starter Set to new members for just $5.

They'll send you their Executive Razor, plus a full set of cartridges, as well as

trial versions of their most popular products: Shave Butter, Body Wash, and One Wipe Charlies'

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You know you want those butt wipes.

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Go to DollarShaveClub.com/SciShave to get The Daily Essentials starter set for just

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Thank you!

[ OUTRO ]

For more infomation >> The Super Strong Painkiller Hiding in Your Spit - Duration: 4:10.

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For more infomation >> Le frère de Laeti­cia Hally­day dans la tour­mente : une partie de ses avoirs finan­ciers saisis - Duration: 2:23.

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Kia cee'd 1.4 CVVT SPORTY WAGON - Duration: 1:12.

For more infomation >> Kia cee'd 1.4 CVVT SPORTY WAGON - Duration: 1:12.

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Volvo V50 2.0D Momentum Navigatie, trekhaak! - Duration: 1:07.

For more infomation >> Volvo V50 2.0D Momentum Navigatie, trekhaak! - Duration: 1:07.

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Mazda 6 Sportbreak 2.2D Skylease Trekhaak Navi Climate - Duration: 1:05.

For more infomation >> Mazda 6 Sportbreak 2.2D Skylease Trekhaak Navi Climate - Duration: 1:05.

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Tutorial, Coloring hair【Voice Over, ENG SUB】 - Duration: 13:39.

Hi everyone! This is Rina and today I'm bringing you the second tutorial about hair!

Specifically how to color it ~

If you need advice on how to DRAW hair

then I'd recommend you to watch the previous tutorial

I'll leave you the link up there on the right corner and on the description box as well.

Remind that what I'll explain you today are not rules you must follow 100%

they'll be just advice or methods that work for me

so don't be afraid to experiment farther than what I'll tell you today ~

Without further ado let's begin!

So we've got a new Guinea pig for today's video! Tho this one already comes with hair ~

She reminds me of someone but I don't know who??? xD

So there's a tooon of different ways to color hair

what I'll do now is explain you a few of them so you can have something to keep experimenting from

Simple way. Or minimalist way, kawaii way... Whatever you want to call that.

as the name says, it would be something rather simple

Let's pick whatever tool we like

And paint some small parts for the shadows

This style can become too plain sometimes but it also can give a nice simplicity effect

Generally the shadows and lights should have...

kinda simple roundy shape, and not much details.

Detailed way!

Both shadows and light tend to do many hair lines

kinda pointy feeling?

I'm doing it really fast now but I hope you can get the general idea

Intermediate way

I think that's kinda my style

basically I use the good parts of each ways, I sometimes do more detailed shapes

with more hair lines

And other times I leave it more simple

More important stuff

Please, AVOID using plain white for the highlights

White takes off a lot of magic from the picture and it can also make the hair look

like plastic, like not real enough

as in bad quality wig xD

So my advice is to avoid using white as much as you can

Instead of white try using other colors, like pastel colors for example!

For the highlights it is also interesting to use the complementary color of the base of the hair

But it can also be just a lighter color than the base, you can experiment a lot with this

Personally I like playing with the highlight color a lot

Like instead of using a lighter pink (for this case) which is most of us do as begginers

we can use yellow, or green

or even blueish

I believe this gives a lot more magic to the picture

We can even mix colors in the same highlights and make it a rainbow highlight ~

Another thing I noticed is that depending on the height of the highlights the picture can look different

so I guess the point is to find an intermediate height, which is not too high nor too low

And how can we know that?

It is totally up to your personal preference and aesthetics

Practice a lot and pay attention to how your fav artists place their shadows. You'll eventually figure out the perfect height for your art

What else should be kept in mind?

The highlights shape

As I said earlier there are lots of ways to draw hair

it is the same for the highlights

They can be super simple, like just a few round spots or strokes and that's it!

We can even give them a different shape like squares!

Or triangles

I also have a different yet simple way that I use for my glossy chibis

Just make a line, which can be kinda shaky or very straight

This one would be shaky

Or more straight... like this

We can keep working on this, deleting a few parts like this

Or quite the opposite! Adding more lines for every hair strand

or both things at the same time!

We can also make them like... thin hair lines

I often draw the highlights with some kind of H or N or diamond shape (?

I don't exactly know how to describe the shapes I do xD

They can also be thicker and more square like

We could do this by painting a big highlight zone

and then

erasing parts of it with the watercolor tool

We could keep erasing parts we don't like

Adding more lines

This kind of blurry effect is really nice too, I like it a lot

Back when I started drawing I had lots of troubles with the highlight as I kept distorting it while I drew it

so I'll show you a little trick you can use to avoid that

Before starting to work on the actual highlights

make a general line to mark the position and curve you want it to have

Then lower the mark's opacity

And use it as a guide.

After this just delete the mark's layer and it's done!

The direction/curve of the highlight is also important

by doing it in one or other direction

the perception of how the light falls onto the character or object can change

so the point of view also changes.

For example if we're seeing the character from above, the curve should have kinda U shape

And if we're looking at the face from below, the curve's shape should be the opposite

so it matches the perspective.

If we do it the other way just look what it happens

here we can't even make it look decent if we try the opposite curve xD

it looks really strange here

It looks weird, as it won't match well the perspective

and then our eyes can't recreate the 3D shape of it

Even with that, remember that these are NOT rules

you can also choose to not follow this guidelines and draw the hightlights however you prefer

For example, if the light/atmosphere you are trying to represent is very specific and you need to do the curves in a different way

Then go ahead!

Otherwise if you're recreating very normal lights, like studio lights to show the character well

then I think it's best to follow some of these advice I just gave you.

More advice ~

This one is to avoid getting stucked when you're coloring the hair

If you don't know how to start drawing the shadows, then draw the highlights first

Or if you don't know where to place the highlights then start with the shadows

Also remember it doesn't have to look good at first

You can make some real quick dirty strokes to decide the main idea

and keep working from there by refining the shapes.

Another thing we can do to add more magic to the hair is adding new strands of hair over the lineart

It can be a really nice touch and it can also help you represent a windy scene, and give more movement to the hair

So just pick the base color and draw some lines on a new layer over the lineart

We can also give more light to the bangs!

I've noticed many artists do this (including myself) so here I am just sharing the trick with you guys

Just go with the airbrush over the bangs that are closest to the face

using the color of the skin. Like this, softly.

This way the hair mixes a bit with the skin and it makes everything look more coupled.

Another thing I'd like to mention is to please play with the colors!

Don't get stucked on always shading with a darker color and highlighting with a lighter color

The world of colors is amazing and it brings us a lot of different possibilities.

So on the shadows we can add kind of a soft grey/purple/blue

And on the tips of the hair or other parts we would like to light up we can use some vibrant blue color

Also if you're coloring a very light hair color like blond, white and the like

we can make the highlights with a tiny darker color than the base

because white would not be seen over such a pale color

Lastly I think the best advice I can give you is the one I repeat the most

if you don't really know how to color hair, study how your fav artists do it

now you already know some key points to consider while studying from your idols and to try replicating their technique

Like the height were they place the highlights and shadows

the shape, the colors they use...

So now go and practice a lot! ^w^

I hope today's video is useful for you!

And remember you can help me release more content with a small donation on Patreon ♥

Every little help is really welcome ~

And that's it for today! See you on the next video, guys!

Bye bye ♥