-------------------------------------------
Are Bats REALLY The Fastest Flying Animals? - Duration: 6:55.
Recently, some research was published suggesting that bats could now possibly be, the fastest
flying organisms from the animal kingdom, and today I'm going to talk about what that
means and whether we should be sceptical about that statement.
[Intro by Caro Waro & Cristina de Manuel]
When we think of the fastest flying animal, probably the first thing that comes to mind
is the peregrine falcon.
During their stoops, they dive head first from the sky down to their prey, reaching
speeds of up to 389km/h, the fastest body displacement any animal is known to achieve.
However, this speed is greatly assisted by gravity, and the researchers were actually
referring to speeds which are entirely attained through powered flapping flight, or level horizontal
flight.
When we think of fastest level flying, the spine-tailed swift is thought to be the fastest
as it has been recorded to reach speeds of up to 170km/h.
However, there is criticism for these figures as the methods used to arrive at this speed
are unavailable, and the figure of 110km/h from the common swift, Apus apus is much more
readily accepted.
However, this new research suggests that Tadarida brasiliensis, the Mexican or Brazilian free-tailed
bat, could now be the fastest level flier of the animal kingdom, potentially reaching
airspeeds of 160km/h.
Unlike fruit and nectar feeding bats who engage in relatively slow flapping flight, the Mexican
free-tailed bat is an insectivorous bat which is commonly reported to reach speeds of up
to 90km/h.
They normally go on nocturnal 50-100km trajectories that consume up to a quarter of their body weight
in insects, and rely on their speed to cover these distances.
Last week, a paper was published where some researchers tracked seven different bats and
reported speeds of well over 100km/h, with one bat reaching 160km/h.
This is an incredible figure and the way these bats fly is nothing short of remarkable, but
unfortunately there are a few aspects of how this research was conducted that make me somewhat
sceptical of it:
Firstly
the tracking system they used wasn't ideal.
The basic montage was a transmitter attached to the bat's back, with two receivers on
board of a Cessna aircraft which was flying above.
The pilot can listen to the intensity of the signals from each receiver and use that to
steer the aircraft above the bat – which is a technique that is commonly used to track animals
over large distances, as it lets them take a position data point when the aircraft was
directly over the bat.
They took measurements every 2-5 minutes which were later used to estimate the bat's speed.
However, these positional data points actually came with an error estimate on the order of
50-100m.
That's quite large when you consider that the bat is only about 9cm long and that some of
their consecutive location estimates were smaller than the error threshold itself, which
I'd say is a pretty big red flag.
Secondly
although most bats comfortably reached up to about 110km/h, the larger speed of 160km/h
was a single data point.
and they also had another outlier data point at 200km/h which they got rid of – now, outliers are normal in science,
sometimes tracking systems fail and introduce weird errors and it is normal to exclude them.
The researchers claimed that statistically, the 160km/h belonged to the long tail of the
distribution of plausible speeds, but the confidence interval attached to this value
was in fact rather large.
Their measurement of wind speed also left a lot to be desired.
Tail winds often help animals fly faster as they receive support from the wind, whereas
cross-winds are forces perpendicular to the direction in which the animal is flying, and
can make them fly slower.
These were not measured and instead were deduced from a 32km wind grid of the area provided
by their local meteorological station.
Whilst this is better than nothing, its resolution is nowhere near enough to deduce what's
happening locally to the bats, and given they are so small, it isn't implausible to believe
that small local changes in wind speed could significantly affect their flight speed.
The researchers also claimed on the basis of the wind data they had, that the bats seemed
to lower their speeds when receiving wind support, and sped up through cross winds. Now, actuaIly think this is very odd as honestly, you would expect the opposite, but perhaps not
entirely implausible either, as there is evidence to suggest that some birds do apply the breaks
to avoid going too quickly when supported by the wind, and perhaps they put a bit more effort
into overcoming cross-winds, but still, I think it's an odd result.
Now, don't get me wrong – I'm not necessarily claiming that this research is wrong, but
rather, that I'm dubious as to whether I would have arrived at the same conclusion
as them based on the data and the error margins they had, but sadly, stating a new animal
is record-breaking in some way is very juicy for news headlines.
Being sceptical often has negative connotations, but I do think that critical thinking is a
fundamental part of advancing and bettering science.
I also understand that there are plenty of limitations associated with collecting and
drawing conclusions from this type of data:
For starters, although the paper was only just published, the data was collected all
the way back in 2009.
The tracking systems attached to the bats were around 5% of the bat's weight, who
who weigh around 12g, so the tracking systems are actually really small.
We most certainly have more sophisticated tracking systems today, but there will always
be a trade-off in the equipment that can be attached to an animal and the equipment's
weight, as I mentioned in the Cyborg beetle video and the drone video.
Indeed, a better tracking system would've limited their positional error and could have
measured local wind speeds and direction, but those may well have not been available
back in the day, and what they lacked in equipment they attempted to make up for in sophisticated
statistical analyses.
Nonetheless, even if they don't take the record for fastest flying animal, I think
they can take the highest length specific velocity known for any vertebrate.
This was previously granted to Anna's Hummingbird, which at 10cm and able to reach speeds of
98km/h, was 276 body lengths per second.
These bats measure 9cm in length and as long as they reach speeds of 100 km/h, they already
outperform the Hummingbirds by advancing at up to 308 body lengths per second.
To give you an idea, if I could fly and did so horizontally, it would be the equivalent
of me covering 475m in 1s, a distance which would normally take about 5 and a half minutes
to cover at a strolling pace.
That's even more than our dear friends the desert locust, who are capable of reaching
a constant airspeed of 33km/h corresponding to about 130 times their body length.
I hope you enjoyed today's episode and learnt something fun about bat flight and critical
thinking – I also have some exciting news which I can finally say - I've been chosen for YouTube Next Up programme
I'm actually at the YouTube Space right now, when you see this video I will probably be at the programme
So, lots of exciting things are happening! And as always, thank you so much for watching me and I'll see you in the next one! Bye!
[Music: Thastor & CryoSleepKitten] [Channel Art & Animation: Caro Waro & Cristina
de Manuel] [Writing, Hosting, Editing: Inés Dawson]
[Camera operator: Alistair Jennings] [Translated by {your name} into {language}]
-------------------------------------------
Ford Focus Wagon 1.8 LIMITED TITANIUM,125 PK, NAVI,AIRCO ECC,LM VELGEN, CRUISE C.4 ELEK RAMEN - Duration: 1:07.
For more infomation >> Ford Focus Wagon 1.8 LIMITED TITANIUM,125 PK, NAVI,AIRCO ECC,LM VELGEN, CRUISE C.4 ELEK RAMEN - Duration: 1:07. -------------------------------------------
【Life Noggin】記憶不一定是真的? (中文CC字幕) - Duration: 3:38.
For more infomation >> 【Life Noggin】記憶不一定是真的? (中文CC字幕) - Duration: 3:38. -------------------------------------------
Ghost in the Shell
For more infomation >> Ghost in the Shell-------------------------------------------
Nobody | K-I-S-S H-Er BTS (Behind The Scenes) [W/ Subtitles!] - Duration: 3:47.
George, Whatchu doing?
Drinking coffee. Chilling.
Killing time.
'Sup
What we doing? What we doing?
'Bout to go, on our way to GR.
Film part 2 of K-I-S-S H-Er
I got a megaphone.
Let's speed it up, people.
This is a race.
What's up guys? This yo boy.
Just tired.
They came here to stunt, bro.
My hands turned red.
Looking like lobsters.
That's how dedicated we are.
How cold was it last time you checked?
20 degrees.
-------------------------------------------
Exchange, how to trade_Order book session trading_by DoTrading_ video 21 - Duration: 14:39.
Hello,
Welcome on my channel Do Trading for a new video.
We will see together commented positions on the future ES contract.
it is an asset that has a relevant order flow while being volatile.
In this video, we will be in a seller bias.
After a good report on US employment,
a further rise in interest rates of the Fed is almost certain.
So we will be in the configuration of scenario 3,
here is the picture I posted on my twitter account in opening the US markets.
We see two important levels from my pre-market technical analysis: 2376 and 2371.
I would like to point out that these levels,
are purely technical, personal and are given as an indication
Now the market is under 2371, my strategy will be to be short.
With a contract at 2367.50.
The trade is good,
With a target to 2365.25,
Level also found in pre-market analysis.
We can see a little resistance, at 2367
but the sellers remain in control, the trade is not in danger.
But to have a real acceleration,
the technical level of the 2367 must be crossed.
It's an important technical level.
The level now broke,
the price can accelerate towards its goal with its validation.
The sellers are aggressive and control
In the meantime,
I take this opportunity to ask you your opinion on the duration of the videos.
Should I make videos shorter?
Cut the passages of expectations?
And only put the trades ?
Do videos from 10 min to the maxi?
So leave your comments. And advice on this issue
I had already integrated a survey in one of my videos in the form of a file, a few months ago,
But at the sight of the meager return ...
So do not hesitate to interact,
leave your comments so that I can plan for my next videos.
Let's resume our trading:
The sellers are still in control,
and the configuration is favorable to a second short.
I recall that we are still in the bearish hypothesis of scenario 3.
So I place shorts with a contract at 2,364.50 awaiting execution.
This time I place a much shorter target
Because we are close to a technical level of possible rebound.
And also,
according to my personal conviction,
These days, even in days of decline,
the market is constantly pushed upward.
So do not hang out with short positions.
The third trade is taken because the pnl allows it.
In other circumstances, the entry level will be unfavorable.
Because on the one hand we are close to a bottom.
And on the other hand, the sellers no longer have real control.
Besides the trade will be quickly secured with a stop that will be quickly touched.
We have confirmed the loss of control as well as a validation of a technical level.
The sale has ended at least for now
This videos you liked,
do not hesitate to share around you, speak, like, comment,
You subscribe to be up-to-date
On this I tell you soon, and do not forget to leave your opinion on the duration of the videos.
Bye
-------------------------------------------
BMW 3 Serie 318i BUSINESS LINE Automaat, Navi, LM velgen - Duration: 0:47.
For more infomation >> BMW 3 Serie 318i BUSINESS LINE Automaat, Navi, LM velgen - Duration: 0:47. -------------------------------------------
Ghost in the Shell For more infomation >> Ghost in the Shell-------------------------------------------
Wazifa For Problems in Urdu |Har mushkil ka asan wazifa in urdu - Duration: 3:22.
For more infomation >> Wazifa For Problems in Urdu |Har mushkil ka asan wazifa in urdu - Duration: 3:22. -------------------------------------------
Classical Musicians React: BTS 'Prologue' Part 1 - Duration: 10:19.
Jarod: k-top... k... k...pop... KPOP
Peyton: KPOP askdfhksadjf;ks
Jarod: It just breaks my mind cause I'm like whats... what's going on
Umu: Now we're moving onto the second video of the trilogy and this is called The Prologue
Umu: And this is not a music video for a song
Umu: This is a short film, it's 15 minutes long
Umu: And they released this right after I Need You and before they put out their next album
Henry: Okay cool~
Umu: You will hear samples of three songs in the next album
Umu: So this is the continuation of exactly what just happened in the last music vi---
Yunyi: I don't know what just happened!!!
Umu: HAHAHA
Kevin: AH!
<Video Intro>
Kevin: Good?
Peyton: Big Hit Entertainment
Henry: <gasp> !!!
Shimon: OH! Debussy! No no! Yeah! Yeah
Umu: hahaha lol
Henry: I'm gonna cry, this is like my favorite! I love Debussy~
Lindsey: Oh My God that is so you!
Davis: That is ALL you need!!!
Umu and Davis: CLAIRE DE LUNE!
Davis: I know exactly what this is
Jarod: That does not uh look comfortable, to say the least
Peyton: AH!
<omg same girl>
Kevin: There's no dyna--- eh there's a bit of dynamics
Umu: HAHAHA you're critiquing whoever's playing it?XD
Yunyi: Yeah the touch is a little harsh
Kevin: yeah we're all listening to the piano, we're not caring about the guy with the blood on his hands
Umu: Ow!
Fiona: This is really like beautiful cinematography
Henry: It's really really good sound energy too cause it's like the piano's brought out front
Henry: And then it feels like in the room birds are like back here. It's crazy
Shimon: I really like the crickets
Fiona: He's outside
Yunyi: I like that color change just now
Fiona: There's hope
Shimon: And that--- the natural sounds. Sounds like nature put together with Claire de Lune in it...like
Davis: Who is this
hyung >:)
Leah: I heard the crickets yeah... It makes him feel isolated
Kevin: In the mood for love!
Hugo: Oh! Yeah! That was really cool, just slide in
Yunyi: itz gaaayyy
Henry: I love the...the synths
Fiona: Yeah
Henry: It's sort of like loosely based out of Claire de Lune- ish chord progressions
Hugo: It's like more acoustic than we've heard, a bunch at this point and like it cause it's more acoustic cause they're also outside
Jarod: Oh! Polaroid!
Fiona: Is he wearing a Nirvana shirt?
Peyton: oh, I dig this
Jarod: <gasp> BRUH!
Gwen: Polaroid
Hugo: Oh I though you said polarod
Henry: It's like thundercat chords man
Peyton: Aw their doing the thing with <slides>
Umu: seven numbers!
Fiona: that looks really nice
Kevin: Good chords--- vi!
Kevin: Minor vii
Yunyi: Aw! They let the vii down!
Gwen: They like, bro you good?
Kevin: I still get bits of Claire de Lune... or maybe it's just me
Fiona: We gotchu fam
Henry: Yeah man
Fiona: Let's go, it's alright henry: don't be such a looser!
Fiona: No they're being nice!
Gwen: Oh my God someone's stalking them
Fiona: That's creepy
Lindsey: We thought they were---
Davis: Wait
Jarod: Oh!
Henry: It's a seventh guy!
Fiona: Jin <3
Fiona: Flower petal man
Fiona: Kay got it! I'm working on it!
Shimon: Maybe he died too! Maybe that was heaven
Kevin: Wait I have a theory that this is heaven
Shimon: <Leah I'm onto something>
Peyton: Aw man!
Umu: Stick to that
Leah: Aw they're happy together~
Gwen: Are they in an abandoned pool?
Peyton: It's kinda like classic rock out like
Peyton: <demonstrates> ya gotta have the guitar
Jarod: Dude you know how much fun that would actually be though to just be in your own little like wooded area, just jammin' out with your broskies
Peyton: Yeah
Fiona: I like the guitar
Lindsey: They actually look like they have so much fun together though
Henry: That's what that is
Leah: Butterfly! <3
Henry: Affirmative
Henry: ... That's not a butterfly
Davis: Oh some.. American beauty stuff Lindsey: I was gonna say that too--- with the bag!!!
Davis: With the bag and the video camera
Yunyi: Pikachu?
Leah: Is that Pikachu?
Shimon: I was about to say the same thing!
Gwen: It's like squad goals but it's like happy instead of like... drugs and shit
Fiona: <whistles her heart out>
Leah: LOLLIPOP BOY! Doesn't he always have lollipops?
Umu: Yeah~
Kevin: Aw... is he-- is pill boy still sleeping
Peyton: I love that <booodap~>
Davis: The motto for like this video= boys will be boys <lovin' it>
Peyton: It's got that piano in the back <sings along>
Davis: Oh cool! They have one of those cameras!
Gwen: That was so cute
Henry: Was that photo that he just took the photo that he was looking at when he was---
Lindsey: Woah what
Henry: laying on the ground after stabbed in his [deadio] and he was cleaning up that blood
Fiona: Oh gosh we're trying too hard!
Lindsey: Wait one of them's like off on his own now, is that the one who killed someone?
Davis: No
Leah: I like the piano~
Kevin: What a shot!
Kevin: OH! Oh colors! Yunyi: Nice piano notes~
Jarod: Oh I like that, it's just like... unresolved Peyton: <beep~>
Yunyi: Colors! Hella! Kevin: I don't even know what that was
Henry: Strikingly strange chord
Yunyi: That was a gorgeous chord!
Kevin: OH! ASMR oh!
Yunyi and Kevin: AHAHAHAH
Yunyi and Kevin: HAHA I feel like people would love you for that
Fiona: Woahhhh
Jarod: You need to survive
Umu: That was Rapmon
Fiona: Rapmon
Kevin: Uhoh
Davis: And he wrote it on a mirror so it's only temporary, the message's gonna fade
Davis: Ouch
Peyton: <chikachikachikachikachika>
Kevin: Hey this is like the intro to the first/ other video! The same chords! (YAS Love is Not Over)
Kevin: ...kind of
Henry: Hey it's lit! Fiona: ... It's lemonade
Kevin: No it is
Shimon: Well actually I thought they were chocolate covered pretzels
Jarod: Dude watch out dude! Yo that kid's hair is like right by a lighter--- oh wait nevermind it's just camera angle.
Davis: That looks like some fancy water--- there it is, the lighter again
Davis: See this is some, they're establishing something here
Fiona: What is he looking at? Is it just not developing?
Yunyi: This is like the same set of Fire
Yunyi: ...Maybe it's just the couch
Fiona: Where? Go where?
Davis: Oh! Where are they going?
Kevin: Are they gonna jump in the picture like Mario 64?
Gwen: The mu--- background music is just so calming and like happy and relaxing
Fiona: What's the projection behind them? They're not even watching it
Henry: It's from the fun that they were having
Yunyi: What are the chords?
Henry: Woah!
Kevin: Minor 6th, that's very cool how it goes to like an F sharp minor 6th
Peyton: <jammin'> Jarod: a little 4 by 4
Yunyi: Is it still the same chords?
Kevin: Okay now I can't hear you but it's okay Yunyi: No
Leah: Woah that's a good truck that can drive everywhere
Kevin: Wow! Props to the cinematographer
Henry: It's a lot of like---
Leah: I like the strings
Henry: i (tonic chord) Fiona: <sings scale degree iv,V, i>
Leah: Oh that piano part came back! Shimon: Oh the piano, yeah!
Henry: It's not VI but it's kinda like III... but not really... I don't know
Henry: ...It's weird
Kevin: iv!
Lindsey: That's also me lol
Kevin: <gasp> i
Kevin: !!! 1
Davis: Wait a second
Yunyi: Direct change from major to minor and the same chord is really---
Hugo: mmm
Yunyi: It's nice but it's jarring
Fiona: More like acousticy sound of this voice Henry: vi
Kevin: The camera, is doing things that---
Henry: I, I, iii, vi (chord progression)
Kevin: are cooler
Henry: was what that just was
Yunyi: That brief moment of minor is like--- Kevin: yeah~
Yunyi: Suspense, it's like something's wrong...
Yunyi: WHAT THAT CHORD!?!? WHAT IS IT?!?! WHAT IS THAT CHORD? Umu: AHAHAHAHHA
Kevin: I know what it is this time! I have all the notes in my head
Kevin: It's F, B, D, E, A
Yunyi: God fuck you and your perfect pitch!
Kevin: lol it's not perfect pitch, it's also very strong relative, that's how I know the quality of the chord, it's both!
Davis: Okay see now they're going to all the same places as the first one
Lindsey: Yeah but... but everybody's there Davis: And all the people that were like at those by themselves...
Davis: Maybe they weren't there alone the whole time, it's all in their head!
Both: <hype>
Hugo: Now what's gonna happen
Davis: They're just dealing with their stuff, but their, while they're with their friends, it's just all a facade
Lindsey: I think you're onto something Davis: We all have a face
Both: Awwww
Leah: Awww
Yunyi: Awww gay <3
Hugo: #me if I was ever on a trip like that, I'd just be like 'kay guys I'm in the back OUT <snore>
Kevin: Oh hey goofy makes a cameo!
Henry: That was weird
Fiona: I don't...
Kevin: Again? Yunyi: It's subtle
Fiona: I don't kn--- it's kinda like existential this music, it's like
Jarod: It's like so ambiguous, it's like hard to tell exactly what's going on
Shimon: Are they dreaming?
Yunyi: See this is like a dream sequence, is what I'm getting Kevin: mmhmm
Shimon: Maybe the piano part
Hugo: hmm
Shimon: Is like... a dream motif
Yunyi: This is definitely a dream sequence, and they just cut back to reality just now
Davis: Duh duh duh Lindsey: Is that cookie?
Umu: (dude who) got beat up
Gwen: They're so cute I want friends
Umu: And that's suga Davis: That's suga yeah
Davis: I know those two Lindsey: Oh!
Lindsey: They're both desserts
Yunyi: Oh! Oh oh! Totally! Totally! Please! Kevin: Oh! Oh!
Kevin: I think there's some lost footage there! They must've made out
Yunyi: I ship all of them
Kevin: I like the Yunyi: There! See!
Yunyi: They're on a dock!
Yunyi: They're on a dock, which means they about to get shipped!
Kevin: <omg girl no pls no bye> Umu: AHAHAHAHA
Kevin: Oh sorry laptop Umu: <still dying of laughter>
Henry: Is it true? Who knows
Jarod: Wait... I'm like, trying to count them
Kevin: Gosh these camera angles
Lindsey: It's the same one with the piano
Yunyi: Is this a movie? Or is it... just the actual track
Davis: It's all like about the macrobeats
Kevin: Maybe life is like the movie and they're watching us
Davis: Boom! ... and then a long time... boom! Lindsey: mmm <approves>
Davis: and then just---- Lindsey: No no!
-------------------------------------------
Young Koreans turning to unusual studies and vocational training to boost their employment chances - Duration: 4:37.
Korea is seeing a shift in education.
Hitting the beaten track of cram schools and other means to ensure acceptance in top universities
may soon become a thing of the past.
These days, students are turning to vocational school and more unconventional studies, including
zoology and drone production, to pick up practical skills that could help them prepare for their
careers early.
For our news feature tonight...
Lee Ji-won zooms in on this wind of change.
Jumping hurdles, going through a tunnel and jumping through a hoop.
This is an agility training session for show dogs... and it's one of the classes available
from the Pet Science Department of Seoul Yonhee Technical College, which offers associate
degrees in zoology and other veterinary careers.
The classroom is filled with people from all walks of life -- from fresh high school graduates...
to people seeking second careers -- hoping to fulfill their dream of working with animals.
"I applied for this major because I like animals... and I can gain expertise.
Plus, there are more people raising pets, so I think the market will expand."
More Korean students are choosing unusual majors -- from K-pop star studies, where students
train to be in the spotlight, to wedding planning, where students learn the nuts and bolts of
the business.
Behind this trend is increase in vocational school enrollment, as students seek practical
skills that will lead them to a job right after graduation.
For example, one of the Pet Science classes teaches students how to care for rare pets,
including reptiles, on their way to becoming zookeepers.
"Before coming to this college, I didn't know much about rare animals.
But this major has taught me a lot about them, and I think it's very useful toward helping
me become a zookeeper."
"I want to open a reptile cafe in the future.
It wasn't easy to find or interact with reptiles in Korea because they aren't very popular,
but I'm so glad I can learn about them here."
At another school, students gathered outside after their first drone class, where they'll
get a full education in building and flying drones.
"It was really fun I don't think I've ever been this excited for something in my whole
life."
The classes are filled with enthusiastic people seeking jobs in drone production, repair and
operation.
"I'm interested in the actual building and repairing of drones, as well as playing around
with the software.
There's so much potential for drones in various markets, including rescue work,... and I wanted
to play a part."
Professors who teach the classes say the public's growing interest in subjects like these has
given rise to new markets or an expansion of existing ones, as well as a growing demand
for experts.
"Demand for drone experts is really high, especially in the entertainment industry.
But there aren't that many experts in the market, so we are preparing our students so
they can start working right after graduating."
The hope is that these kinds of training programs can help lift the country's high unemployment
rate.
"Employers like to hire people who are skilled enough to go into the work force right away.
And because these colleges give students a practical education, on top of the theoretical
studies, students graduating with majors like these usually find jobs relatively easily."
But for vocational schools and their unique fields of study to develop beyond a niche
market, and have a lasting impact on the Korean job market, experts say that society will
have to eliminate existing prejudices against nontraditional education.
"It's become the norm for Koreans to send their children to four-year universities because
people want stable jobs at big companies or public enterprises.
But now, there's a wider range of jobs available and a variety of majors that teach students
about them."
So instead of chasing after what everyone is doing, the expert said people should really
follow their own interests, because the decision will bring them greater job satisfaction in
the long-run.
Lee Ji-won, Arirang News.
No comments:
Post a Comment