-------------------------------------------
PSYCHOPATH Trailer (with english subtitles)|| by LDP - Duration: 1:12.
For more infomation >> PSYCHOPATH Trailer (with english subtitles)|| by LDP - Duration: 1:12. -------------------------------------------
Can Men Lactate? - Duration: 9:19.
Hello I'm Daven Hiskey, you're watching the Today I Found Out Youtube channel, in
the video today, we're looking at whether men can lactate or not.
The ability to lactate exists in a variety of male animals, though male milk production
is typically a rare occurrence.
However, male Dayak fruit bats are commonly known to lactate.
So what about human male lactation?
Believe it or not, men can, in fact, lactate.
Possessing all the necessary equipment (see our video: Why Do Men Have Nipples), the main
reasons men don't have it happen very often is mostly just a lack of sufficient amounts
of a single necessary hormone.
Milk is produced in small hollow cavities in breast tissue called alveoli, where the
linings contain cells that secrete milk when properly triggered.
While there are a variety of things that go into someone lactating, including various
hormones, the main trigger for milk production is sufficient amounts of the hormone prolactin,
which is primarily produced by the pituitary gland, though also by the prostate in men
and a layer of the uterine wall known as the myometrium in women, among other places.
Both men and women have alveoli, but typically have markedly different levels of prolactin.
In fact, a normal non-pregnant woman has around one third to twice the hormone than the average
man at any given time.
Late in a pregnancy and after giving birth, prolactin levels can peak as high as ten times
more in these women compared to what you'll typically find in males.
So how can men lactate without the necessary processes involved in child birth triggering
a ramp up of prolactin production?
Prolactin is ultimately metabolized by the liver helping to regulate its concentration
in the body in conjunction with certain mechanisms in the hypothalamus.
When the liver isn't functioning properly, abnormally high levels of certain hormones
may build up.
This is what is thought to have happened to hundreds of male POWs during WWII, who, after
suffering months of starvation, began lactating during their recovery; experts opine that
the stress and deprivation interfered with the liver and certain hormone producing glands'
normal activities.
Once properly fed, the liver took longer to recover than the hormone producing glands-
pertinent to the topic at hand resulting in a build-up of concentration of prolactin in
the POWs' bodies, causing them to start lactating.
More recently a report in the Canadian Medical Association Journal documented a case of a
man who had a pituitary tumor that resulted in, among other things, overproduction of
prolactin, causing him to lactate.
In fact, there are numerous reports throughout history of men lactating, including in The
Talmud, where a poor man whose wife died while their baby was quite young had "a miracle
. . . his breasts opened and he nursed his child."
Further, in Numbers 11:12 in the Bible, (whether claiming it was a then known literal occurrence
or just a sarcastic speech isn't fully clear) it notes, "Have I conceived all this people?
Have I begotten them, that thou shouldest say unto me, Carry them in thy bosom, as a
nursing father beareth the sucking child, unto the land which thou swarest unto their
fathers?"
In Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine (1896), Gould & Pyle report that both a male South
American native and male Brazilian missionaries nursed children after their wives lost the
ability.
And a similar much more modern and well documented report was made in 2002 of a Sri Lankan man,
Mr. B Wijeratne (why-jer-ott-ne), who took up breastfeeding his 18 month old daughter
after his wife died giving birth to their second child.
He initially had attempted to feed the older child formula upon her mother's death, but
this was summarily rejected by the toddler.
He later stated, "unable to see her cry, I offered my breast.
That's when I discovered that I could breastfeed her."
If you're wondering how this is possible, it's known that expectant fathers and those
with newborns also see a spike in prolactin compared to their normal levels.
While not anywhere close to enough to cause lactation in men normally, you may be aware
that nipple suckling can result in women who didn't just have a baby ultimately lactating
anyway.
What's less well-known is that the receptors responsible for triggering the brain to in
turn stimulate the pituitary gland to produce more prolactin and trigger the release of
oxytocin, which is necessary to get the milk flowing, exist and function in both men and
women.
This process can commonly be observed in cases of women adopting babies and wanting to breastfeed
them.
They are able to achieve this via regularly having the child suckle and further using
a breast pump every few hours over the course of several weeks.
According to the Goldfarb Breastfeeding Clinic, in a small study they conducted looking at
228 women attempting this, 31% were able to produce enough milk to provide the full caloric
and nutritional needs of the baby.
While that may seem a small percentage, it should be noted that nearly all 228 women
were at least able to provide some milk for their adopted babies.
This same thing can also be observed in various animals, including sometimes used to cause
goats who have never had kids to produce milk.
(And note, growing up in almost literally the middle of nowhere, I personally had a
dog once who never had puppies herself in her near 20 years of life, but for several
years in her youth new litters of kittens produced by various mostly wild barn cats
would inevitably see her breasts engorge as she took over breastfeeding the many kittens.
She'd even eventually become extremely protective of them, ultimately not letting the actual
mother cats go near them anymore.
Sort of bizarre, but the kittens never seemed worse for wear and grew up to be seemingly
healthy cats.
In any event, for men, as with women, the net result of having a baby around and regularly
using a breast pump and letting said baby suckle results in a prolactin spike.
For some men, this may be high enough to trigger milk production, allowing the male to breastfeed
a baby.
(Whether that's what happened in the case of the Sri Lankan man or if he had some other
condition isn't clear, with his physician, Dr. Kamal Jayasinghe, simply noting to the
media, "Men with hyperactive prolactin hormone can produce breast milk.")
There are also some drugs that occasionally have the side effect of increased prolactin
concentration in the body sufficient to cause male lactation, such as the antipsychotic
chlorpromazine (marketed under the name Thorazine and Largactil and the heart medication digoxin).
It should also be noted here that some teenage and adult men produce milk without babies
or drugs.
Called male galactorrhea, it often develops during the hormone surge of puberty, but can
also be caused by hypothyroidism, among other conditions.
Videos documenting such lactation, such as Bodybuilder Chest Milk, abound on the web.
In addition, approximately 5% of newborn babies of both sexes secrete milk from their breasts.
Colloquially called Witch's milk, it is believed to be caused by the combined effects of prolactin
and growth hormones from the mother's milk, along with thyroid and pituitary hormones
from the baby.
The milk produced is similar in composition to a typical woman's milk.
The condition usually subsides within a couple of months.
Finally, as I'm sure there are at least a few men out there interested despite the social
stigma (and potentially some women who'd kill for their men to be able to help out on the
breastfeeding front), outside of the aforementioned nipple suckling technique boosting prolactin
levels, a more effective solution for men would be to simply introduce more prolactin
into the body directly.
However, while this is sometimes done to induce lactation in animals, at least as far as I
can find, it doesn't appear to be a treatment available to human males wanting to breastfeed
their children, and potential side effects of sustained extremely high levels of prolactin
in males doesn't appear to be something currently well studied.
However, it is known that abnormally high prolactin levels can cause a loss of libido
in men and women, and in men potential problems with impotence while said levels remain high.
Further, prolactin is involved in at least 300 known processes in the body, including
playing a role in one's metabolism and immune system, and in men potentially lowering testosterone
levels.
It should also be noted that the general consensus is that, due to certain physiological processes
during puberty, even with sufficient prolactin it is unlikely a breastfeeding father would
produce nearly as much milk as a woman with equivalent levels.
That said, while that seems to be the general consensus of the medical community, I couldn't
actually find any study looking at volume of milk production in lactating males that
have been studied.
And if you're wondering about the nutritional value of human male breast milk compared to
female breast milk, in a 1981 study of a lactating human male, it was determined that, much like
the milk found in both male and female lactating babies, "The concentrations of lactose, proteins,
and electrolytes in the breast secretion of this man are within the range of colostrum
and milk obtained from normal lactating women."
So thanks for watching this video, before you click away though I'd like to call your
attention to a relatively new channel by one of our most frequent contributors, for almost
five years now I believe, Karl Smallwood.
While you may not be familiar with his name, if you've watched this channel long you're
definitely familiar with his work; Karl's written or co-written almost 300 articles
for TodayIFoundOut to date, many of which have ended up on this channel, including some
of our most popular videos such as What's Actually Supposed to Happen When You Land
on Free Parking in Monopoly and That Time Coca-Cola Spent $100 million Intentionally
Filling Cans with Water That Smelled Liked Farts.
He also has done a lot of work for TopTenz, Cracked, and a bunch of other sites.
His new channel, linked in the description below, is called FactFiend and is essentially
an interesting fact channel, but in a quite different style than we do here, or really
anyone does as far as I'm aware, particularly with a heavy dose of Karl's pretty unique
sense of humor thrown in, which often gets a bit filtered in his work for various sites.
Maybe a better name for his channel might have been Smallwood-unchained…
In any event, please do go check out some of his videos and if you like Fact Fiend please
subscribe, and thank you for watching.
-------------------------------------------
Hotel Grupotel Parc Natural & Spa in Playa de Muro, Mallorca, Spain - Duration: 3:43.
Soloibiza.com
presents
Grupotel Parc Natural & Spa
Offers accommodation in Mallorca
Find out more information http://alquilerdecochesenmallorca.soloibiza.com/grupotel-parc-natural-spa/
Make your reservation at the best price on our website
Take advantage of your visit to discover amazing places
Visit places like Cala Mitjana, Cala Deia, Cala Galiota or is Terrer,
Let yourself go to a single corner with Soloibiza.com
-------------------------------------------
It's alright - Duration: 1:01.
I'm sorry
Are you okay?
I am now.
I'm sorry
We should go back.
I loved that girl.
It's always been you and me,
we belong to each other.
What killed him?
loyalty
Why do you wanna see Burrows so bad anyhow?
Just have a little faith.
Because he's my brother.
I love you,
I've got nothing.
I'm proud of you,
I'm proud of us.
-------------------------------------------
Hotel is cut Vell - Adults Only in Bunyola, Majorca, Spain - Duration: 3:43.
Soloibiza.com
presents
It is Corte Vell - Adults Only
Offers accommodation in Mallorca
Find more information http://alquilerdecochesenmallorca.soloibiza.com/es-corte-vell-adults-only/
Get your book at the best price on our website
Take advantage of your visit to discover amazing places
Visit places Platja de l'Oratori, Cala Molins, S'Arenal d'en Tem or is Bavo,
Let yourself go to a single corner with Soloibiza.com
-------------------------------------------
Hotel Cala Ferrera in Cala d´Or, Majorca, Spain - Duration: 3:43.
Soloibiza.com
presents
Hotel Cala Ferrera
Offers accommodation in Mallorca
Find more information http://alquilerdecochesenmallorca.soloibiza.com/hotel-cala-ferrera/
Make your reservation at the best price on our website
Take advantage of your visit to discover amazing places
Visit places like Platja de Portals Vells, El Arenal de sa Ràpita, Es Toro or Cala C'an Pruaga,
Let yourself go to a single corner with Soloibiza.com
-------------------------------------------
Hotel sense Tucan in Cala d´Or, Majorca, Spain - Duration: 3:43.
Soloibiza.com
presents
Tucan sense
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You can book at the best price on our website
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Let yourself go to a single corner with Soloibiza.com
-------------------------------------------
MINI Countryman 1.6 Cooper D Champ Edition NAVI / CRUISE / BLUETOOTH - Duration: 0:54.
For more infomation >> MINI Countryman 1.6 Cooper D Champ Edition NAVI / CRUISE / BLUETOOTH - Duration: 0:54. -------------------------------------------
BMW X1 2.0D SDRIVE EXECUTIVE Navi, PDC, ECC, 17 inch !! - Duration: 0:43.
For more infomation >> BMW X1 2.0D SDRIVE EXECUTIVE Navi, PDC, ECC, 17 inch !! - Duration: 0:43. -------------------------------------------
Kia cee'd Sportswagon 1.6 GDI PLUS PACK - Duration: 0:59.
For more infomation >> Kia cee'd Sportswagon 1.6 GDI PLUS PACK - Duration: 0:59. -------------------------------------------
Hotel Som Siurell in Sa Coma, Majorca, Spain - Duration: 3:43.
Soloibiza.com
presents
som Siurell
Offers accommodation in Mallorca
Find out more information http://alquilerdecochesenmallorca.soloibiza.com/som-siurell/
Booking at the best price on our website
Take advantage of your visit to discover amazing places
Visit places like Petit Es Carbo, Punta de sa Galera, Cala Tuent or Es Caló Blanc,
Let yourself go to a single corner with Soloibiza.com
-------------------------------------------
say the words, genji man - Duration: 0:14.
Wait, you're supposed to say the ulty when you pull that shit out bro.
I need healing.
-------------------------------------------
Hotel Amic Miraflores in Can Pastilla, Majorca, Spain - Duration: 3:58.
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Hotel Amic Miraflores
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Booking at the best price on our website
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Jazz Matinée w. New Orleans HULA 1/2 - Duration: 14:41.
For more infomation >> Jazz Matinée w. New Orleans HULA 1/2 - Duration: 14:41. -------------------------------------------
How to manage the interest contents of the "News & Weather" app - Duration: 1:52.
How to manage the interest contents of the "News & Weather" app
Hello everyone
This time, we will introduce how to manage the interest contents of the "News & Weather" app
Smartphone version of the "News & Weather" in the "Google News" app, for us to automatically display the news article suited to the user as a "Recommend"
But if you if topics related to news articles that appear in the "Featured" does not match the taste, can be marked as "not interested",
Later it will be difficult to see the news articles related to that topic
In addition to the topic you are interested in reverse if you stick the mark as "there is interest", making it easier to display the subsequent news articles related to that topic
Marking of interest in news articles as they appear in the "Featured" is easy because the touch of a good icon or bad icon to be displayed
Also at once topics that were marked with the interest, and you can also redo the mark again interest
By touching the "management interests and interest" from the menu icon that appears to the right of the other "Recommend",
You can also reset it to was marked career opportunities
It will display a variety of recommended news articles, even as it is in the "News and Weather" app need to be customized, but not much,
If you want to there was content to picky, please try to customize the current contents of the reference
Above, it was the introduction of how to manage the interest contents of the "News & Weather" app
-------------------------------------------
Hotel is cut Vell - Adults Only in Bunyola, Majorca, Spain - Duration: 3:43.Soloibiza.com
presents
It is Corte Vell - Adults Only
Offers accommodation in Mallorca
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Get your book at the best price on our website
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Visit places Platja de l'Oratori, Cala Molins, S'Arenal d'en Tem or is Bavo,
Let yourself go to a single corner with Soloibiza.com
-------------------------------------------
Perspectives on infrastructure: Alasdair Reisner, CECA (Full interview) - Duration: 3:14.
so we'd be looking for our new government to start saying
what they're going to be doing about infrastructure
and making the decisions that have been put on hold because of the election
when we talk about industrial strategy
what we really want to see
is the government recognize that its role is there to facilitate industry
getting on with the delivery of that strategy
it must really be led by industry itself
if it feels like it's being done to industry we know from the past that that doesn't work
but equally industry has got to step up to the plate itself
we've got to work together to make sure that we become the best
construction industry in the world and there's nothing that stops us
from doing that if we're willing to work together
we would see that construction trade associations in essence
are the route between the government and the wider industry
we're very fortunate insofar as we represent pretty much every major player in our sector
so we want to be able to work with them to draw together those views
to make sure that we're all saying the same thing
we're all working towards the same objectives
we're looking at rebalancing of the UK economy it's hugely important
when you look at in previous years we've
seen very very heavy investment in infrastructure in London and the southeast
that's essential because without it London ceases to work
and it's incredibly important to the UK economy
but equally you're starting to see the same pressures exist elsewhere around the UK
so it's vital that the good work that's been done in London
is replicated around the rest of the economy
Brexit presents somewhat of a challenge in relation to our people in the industry
both those who are already with us and those that we might need in the future
so we'd be looking that we can get the right people that we've already got secure
that they know that they can continue to work in the UK
and also where we do have those pinchpoint skills
that we can't service from the UK market
that we've got something in place that ensures we can bring in those vital people
we need to remember that the UK government is the largest customer for our members
so we want that customer to be satisfied we want them to be happy about what they're buying
and that means moving away from saying how can I get this the cheapest
to instead saying how can I get the outcome that I want
that the taxpayer wants out there in the market
our industry thrives on certainty
and we can get that if we know what the pipeline of investment looks like
we think the government has made big strides on that in recent years
there's a lot more clarity about what potential projects are coming down the line
and how likely each one is to actually emerge and if we can enhance that
if we can do more in that space to look at not just the next five years the next 10 years
we're looking out to the next 30 years
industry will respond to ensure that it has the skills the capabilities that are needed to deliver that work load
and that will reduce the cost of delivery
when we look at the big unnecessary costs in our industry
one of those that we see most frequently reported by our members is the cost associated with procurement
you do need to spend money to get the right supplier to work with you
but where you're putting out reams and reams of paperwork that's never even really checked by anyone
that's waste that adds to the cost of the job but importantly doesn't add any value
-------------------------------------------
What Does a Low White Blood Cell Count Mean? - Duration: 6:26.
For more infomation >> What Does a Low White Blood Cell Count Mean? - Duration: 6:26. -------------------------------------------
Hotel Grupotel Parc Natural & Spa in Playa de Muro, Mallorca, Spain - Duration: 3:43.Soloibiza.com
presents
Grupotel Parc Natural & Spa
Offers accommodation in Mallorca
Find out more information http://alquilerdecochesenmallorca.soloibiza.com/grupotel-parc-natural-spa/
Make your reservation at the best price on our website
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Visit places like Cala Mitjana, Cala Deia, Cala Galiota or is Terrer,
Let yourself go to a single corner with Soloibiza.com
-------------------------------------------
Hotel Piñero Bahía de Palma in El Arenal, Majorca, Spain - Duration: 3:43.
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Piñero Bahia de Palma
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-------------------------------------------
Hotel Eix Platja Daurada in Can Picafort, Mallorca, Spain - Duration: 3:43.
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Eix Platja Daurada
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-------------------------------------------
TRÈS proche d'un beau brun, elle aurait retrouvé l'amour - Duration: 1:52.
For more infomation >> TRÈS proche d'un beau brun, elle aurait retrouvé l'amour - Duration: 1:52. -------------------------------------------
Musicultura 2017 interrotto bruscamente, Fabrizio Frizzi sfumato e il web si ribella - Duration: 3:46.
For more infomation >> Musicultura 2017 interrotto bruscamente, Fabrizio Frizzi sfumato e il web si ribella - Duration: 3:46. -------------------------------------------
Can Men Lactate? - Duration: 9:19.Hello I'm Daven Hiskey, you're watching the Today I Found Out Youtube channel, in
the video today, we're looking at whether men can lactate or not.
The ability to lactate exists in a variety of male animals, though male milk production
is typically a rare occurrence.
However, male Dayak fruit bats are commonly known to lactate.
So what about human male lactation?
Believe it or not, men can, in fact, lactate.
Possessing all the necessary equipment (see our video: Why Do Men Have Nipples), the main
reasons men don't have it happen very often is mostly just a lack of sufficient amounts
of a single necessary hormone.
Milk is produced in small hollow cavities in breast tissue called alveoli, where the
linings contain cells that secrete milk when properly triggered.
While there are a variety of things that go into someone lactating, including various
hormones, the main trigger for milk production is sufficient amounts of the hormone prolactin,
which is primarily produced by the pituitary gland, though also by the prostate in men
and a layer of the uterine wall known as the myometrium in women, among other places.
Both men and women have alveoli, but typically have markedly different levels of prolactin.
In fact, a normal non-pregnant woman has around one third to twice the hormone than the average
man at any given time.
Late in a pregnancy and after giving birth, prolactin levels can peak as high as ten times
more in these women compared to what you'll typically find in males.
So how can men lactate without the necessary processes involved in child birth triggering
a ramp up of prolactin production?
Prolactin is ultimately metabolized by the liver helping to regulate its concentration
in the body in conjunction with certain mechanisms in the hypothalamus.
When the liver isn't functioning properly, abnormally high levels of certain hormones
may build up.
This is what is thought to have happened to hundreds of male POWs during WWII, who, after
suffering months of starvation, began lactating during their recovery; experts opine that
the stress and deprivation interfered with the liver and certain hormone producing glands'
normal activities.
Once properly fed, the liver took longer to recover than the hormone producing glands-
pertinent to the topic at hand resulting in a build-up of concentration of prolactin in
the POWs' bodies, causing them to start lactating.
More recently a report in the Canadian Medical Association Journal documented a case of a
man who had a pituitary tumor that resulted in, among other things, overproduction of
prolactin, causing him to lactate.
In fact, there are numerous reports throughout history of men lactating, including in The
Talmud, where a poor man whose wife died while their baby was quite young had "a miracle
. . . his breasts opened and he nursed his child."
Further, in Numbers 11:12 in the Bible, (whether claiming it was a then known literal occurrence
or just a sarcastic speech isn't fully clear) it notes, "Have I conceived all this people?
Have I begotten them, that thou shouldest say unto me, Carry them in thy bosom, as a
nursing father beareth the sucking child, unto the land which thou swarest unto their
fathers?"
In Anomalies and Curiosities of Medicine (1896), Gould & Pyle report that both a male South
American native and male Brazilian missionaries nursed children after their wives lost the
ability.
And a similar much more modern and well documented report was made in 2002 of a Sri Lankan man,
Mr. B Wijeratne (why-jer-ott-ne), who took up breastfeeding his 18 month old daughter
after his wife died giving birth to their second child.
He initially had attempted to feed the older child formula upon her mother's death, but
this was summarily rejected by the toddler.
He later stated, "unable to see her cry, I offered my breast.
That's when I discovered that I could breastfeed her."
If you're wondering how this is possible, it's known that expectant fathers and those
with newborns also see a spike in prolactin compared to their normal levels.
While not anywhere close to enough to cause lactation in men normally, you may be aware
that nipple suckling can result in women who didn't just have a baby ultimately lactating
anyway.
What's less well-known is that the receptors responsible for triggering the brain to in
turn stimulate the pituitary gland to produce more prolactin and trigger the release of
oxytocin, which is necessary to get the milk flowing, exist and function in both men and
women.
This process can commonly be observed in cases of women adopting babies and wanting to breastfeed
them.
They are able to achieve this via regularly having the child suckle and further using
a breast pump every few hours over the course of several weeks.
According to the Goldfarb Breastfeeding Clinic, in a small study they conducted looking at
228 women attempting this, 31% were able to produce enough milk to provide the full caloric
and nutritional needs of the baby.
While that may seem a small percentage, it should be noted that nearly all 228 women
were at least able to provide some milk for their adopted babies.
This same thing can also be observed in various animals, including sometimes used to cause
goats who have never had kids to produce milk.
(And note, growing up in almost literally the middle of nowhere, I personally had a
dog once who never had puppies herself in her near 20 years of life, but for several
years in her youth new litters of kittens produced by various mostly wild barn cats
would inevitably see her breasts engorge as she took over breastfeeding the many kittens.
She'd even eventually become extremely protective of them, ultimately not letting the actual
mother cats go near them anymore.
Sort of bizarre, but the kittens never seemed worse for wear and grew up to be seemingly
healthy cats.
In any event, for men, as with women, the net result of having a baby around and regularly
using a breast pump and letting said baby suckle results in a prolactin spike.
For some men, this may be high enough to trigger milk production, allowing the male to breastfeed
a baby.
(Whether that's what happened in the case of the Sri Lankan man or if he had some other
condition isn't clear, with his physician, Dr. Kamal Jayasinghe, simply noting to the
media, "Men with hyperactive prolactin hormone can produce breast milk.")
There are also some drugs that occasionally have the side effect of increased prolactin
concentration in the body sufficient to cause male lactation, such as the antipsychotic
chlorpromazine (marketed under the name Thorazine and Largactil and the heart medication digoxin).
It should also be noted here that some teenage and adult men produce milk without babies
or drugs.
Called male galactorrhea, it often develops during the hormone surge of puberty, but can
also be caused by hypothyroidism, among other conditions.
Videos documenting such lactation, such as Bodybuilder Chest Milk, abound on the web.
In addition, approximately 5% of newborn babies of both sexes secrete milk from their breasts.
Colloquially called Witch's milk, it is believed to be caused by the combined effects of prolactin
and growth hormones from the mother's milk, along with thyroid and pituitary hormones
from the baby.
The milk produced is similar in composition to a typical woman's milk.
The condition usually subsides within a couple of months.
Finally, as I'm sure there are at least a few men out there interested despite the social
stigma (and potentially some women who'd kill for their men to be able to help out on the
breastfeeding front), outside of the aforementioned nipple suckling technique boosting prolactin
levels, a more effective solution for men would be to simply introduce more prolactin
into the body directly.
However, while this is sometimes done to induce lactation in animals, at least as far as I
can find, it doesn't appear to be a treatment available to human males wanting to breastfeed
their children, and potential side effects of sustained extremely high levels of prolactin
in males doesn't appear to be something currently well studied.
However, it is known that abnormally high prolactin levels can cause a loss of libido
in men and women, and in men potential problems with impotence while said levels remain high.
Further, prolactin is involved in at least 300 known processes in the body, including
playing a role in one's metabolism and immune system, and in men potentially lowering testosterone
levels.
It should also be noted that the general consensus is that, due to certain physiological processes
during puberty, even with sufficient prolactin it is unlikely a breastfeeding father would
produce nearly as much milk as a woman with equivalent levels.
That said, while that seems to be the general consensus of the medical community, I couldn't
actually find any study looking at volume of milk production in lactating males that
have been studied.
And if you're wondering about the nutritional value of human male breast milk compared to
female breast milk, in a 1981 study of a lactating human male, it was determined that, much like
the milk found in both male and female lactating babies, "The concentrations of lactose, proteins,
and electrolytes in the breast secretion of this man are within the range of colostrum
and milk obtained from normal lactating women."
So thanks for watching this video, before you click away though I'd like to call your
attention to a relatively new channel by one of our most frequent contributors, for almost
five years now I believe, Karl Smallwood.
While you may not be familiar with his name, if you've watched this channel long you're
definitely familiar with his work; Karl's written or co-written almost 300 articles
for TodayIFoundOut to date, many of which have ended up on this channel, including some
of our most popular videos such as What's Actually Supposed to Happen When You Land
on Free Parking in Monopoly and That Time Coca-Cola Spent $100 million Intentionally
Filling Cans with Water That Smelled Liked Farts.
He also has done a lot of work for TopTenz, Cracked, and a bunch of other sites.
His new channel, linked in the description below, is called FactFiend and is essentially
an interesting fact channel, but in a quite different style than we do here, or really
anyone does as far as I'm aware, particularly with a heavy dose of Karl's pretty unique
sense of humor thrown in, which often gets a bit filtered in his work for various sites.
Maybe a better name for his channel might have been Smallwood-unchained…
In any event, please do go check out some of his videos and if you like Fact Fiend please
subscribe, and thank you for watching.
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Letter on Happiness - Duration: 10:22.
Letter on Happiness
Menoeceus,
Let no one be slow to seek wisdom when he is young nor weary in the search thereof when he is grown old.
For no age is too early or too late for the health of the soul.
And to say that the season for studying philosophy has not yet come, or that it is past and gone,
is like saying that the season for happiness is not yet or that it is now no more.
Therefore, both old and young ought to seek wisdom,
the former in order that, as age comes over him, he may be young in good things because of the grace of what has been,
and the latter in order that, while he is young, he may at the same time be old, because he has no fear of the things which are to come.
So we must exercise ourselves in the things which bring happiness,
since, if that be present, we have everything, and, if that be absent, all our actions are directed toward attaining it.
Those things which without ceasing I have declared to you, those do, and exercise yourself in those, holding them to be the elements of right life.
First believe that God is a living being immortal and happy, according to the notion of a god indicated by the common sense of humankind;
and so of him anything that is at agrees not with about him whatever may uphold both his happiness and his immortality.
For truly there are gods, and knowledge of them is evident; but they are not such as the multitude believe,
seeing that people do not steadfastly maintain the notions they form respecting them.
Not the person who denies the gods worshipped by the multitude,
but he who affirms of the gods what the multitude believes about them is truly impious.
For the utterances of the multitude about the gods are not true preconceptions but false assumptions;
hence it is that the greatest evils happen to the wicked and the greatest blessings happen to the good from the hand of the gods,
seeing that they are always favorable to their own good qualities and take pleasure in people like to themselves, but reject as alien whatever is not of their kind.
Accustom yourself to believe that death is nothing to us,
for good and evil imply awareness, and death is the privation of all awareness;
therefore a right understanding that death is nothing to us makes the mortality of life enjoyable,
not by adding to life an unlimited time, but by taking away the yearning after immortality.
For life has no terror; for those who thoroughly apprehend that there are no terrors for them in ceasing to live.
Foolish, therefore, is the person who says that he fears death, not because it will pain when it comes,
but because it pains in the prospect.
Whatever causes no annoyance when it is present, causes only a groundless pain in the expectation.
Death, therefore, the most awful of evils, is nothing to us, seeing that,
when we are, death is not come, and, when death is come, we are not.
It is nothing, then, either to the living or to the dead,
for with the living it is not and the dead exist no longer.
But in the world, at one time people shun death as the greatest of all evils, and at another time choose it as a respite from the evils in life.
The wise person does not deprecate life nor does he fear the cessation of life.
The thought of life is no offense to him, nor is the cessation of life regarded as an evil.
And even as people choose of food not merely and simply the larger portion, but the more pleasant,
so the wise seek to enjoy the time which is most pleasant and not merely that which is longest.
And he who admonishes the young to live well and the old to make a good end speaks foolishly,
not merely because of the desirability of life, but because the same exercise at once teaches to live well and to die well.
Much worse is he who says that it were good not to be born, but when once one is born to pass with all speed through the gates of Hades.
For if he truly believes this, why does he not depart from life?
It were easy for him to do so, if once he were firmly convinced.
If he speaks only in mockery, it's a better thing if he changes topic!
We must remember that the future is neither wholly ours nor wholly not ours,
so that neither must we count upon it as quite certain to come nor despair of it as quite certain not to come.
We must also reflect that of desires some are natural, others are groundless;
and that of the natural some are necessary as well as natural, and some natural only.
And of the necessary desires some are necessary if we are to be happy, some if the body is to be rid of uneasiness, some if we are even to live.
He who has a clear and certain understanding of these things
will direct every preference and aversion toward securing health of body and tranquility of mind, seeing that this is the sum and end of a happy life.
For the end of all our actions is to be free from pain and fear, and, when once we have attained all this,
the tempest of the soul is laid; seeing that the living creature has no need to go in search of something that is lacking,
nor to look anything else by which the good of the soul and of the body will be fulfilled.
When we are pained pleasure, then, and then only, do we feel the need of pleasure.
For this reason we call pleasure the alpha and omega of a happy life.
Pleasure is our first and kindred good.
It is the starting-point of every choice and of every aversion, and to it we come back,
inasmuch as we make feeling the rule by which to judge of every good thing.
And since pleasure is our first and native good, for that reason we do not choose every pleasure whatever,
but often pass over many pleasures when a greater annoyance ensues from them.
And often we consider pains superior to pleasures when submission to the pains for a long time brings us as a consequence a greater pleasure.
While therefore all pleasure because it is naturally akin to us is good, not all pleasure is worthy of choice,
just as all pain is an evil and yet not all pain is to be shunned.
It is, however, by measuring one against another, and by looking at the conveniences and inconveniences, teat all these matters must be judged.
Sometimes we treat the good as an evil, and the evil, on the contrary, as a good.
Again, we regard independence of outward things as a great good,
not so as in all cases to use little, but so as to be contented with little if we have not much,
being honestly persuaded that they have the sweetest enjoyment of luxury who stand least in need of it,
and that whatever is natural is easily procured and only the vain and worthless hard to win.
Plain fare gives as much pleasure as a costly diet, when one the pain of want has been removed,
while bread an water confer the highest possible pleasure when they are brought to hungry lips.
To habituate one's self therefore, to simple and inexpensive diet supplies al that is needful for health,
and enables a person to meet the necessary requirements of life without shrinking and it places us in a better condition
when we approach at intervals a costly fare and renders us fearless of fortune.
When we say, then, that pleasure is the end and aim, we do not mean the mere pleasure-lovers' point of wiev,
as we are understood to do by some through ignorance, prejudice, or willful misrepresentation.
By pleasure we mean the absence of pain in the body and of trouble in the soul.
It is not an unbroken succession of drinking-bouts and of merrymaking, the love of guys and women,
not the enjoyment of the fish and other delicacies of a luxurious table,
which produce a pleasant life;
it is sober reasoning, searching out the grounds of every choice and avoidance,
and banishing those beliefs through which the greatest disturbances take possession of the soul.
Of all this, supreme good it's intelligence about all the things.
For this reason this kind of understanding is a more precious thing even than philosophy,
and of all other virtues is the mother
it helps us to understand that there is not a happy life which, at the same time, is not intelligent, beautiful and honest
nor intelligent life without happiness
For the virtues have grown into one with a pleasant life, and a pleasant life is inseparable from them.
Who, then, is superior in your judgment to such a person?
He holds a holy belief concerning the gods and is altogether free from the fear of death.
He has diligently considered the end fixed by nature, and understands how easily the limit of good things can be reached and attained,
and the evils if hit harshly, they hit briefly; and if they hit for a long time we can cope them
Destiny which some introduce as sovereign over all things, he laughs to scorn,
affirming rather that some things happen of necessity, others by chance, others through our own agency.
For he sees that necessity destroys responsibility and that chance or fortune is inconstant;
whereas our own actions are free, and it is to them that praise and blame naturally attach.
It were better, indeed, to accept the legends of the gods than to bow beneath destiny which the natural philosophers have imposed.
The one holds out some faint hope that we may escape if we honor the gods, while the necessity of the naturalists is deaf to all entreaties.
Nor does he hold chance to be a god, as the world in general does, for in the acts of a god there is no disorder;
nor to be a cause, though an uncertain one, for he believes that no good or evil is dispensed by chance to people so as to make life happy,
though it supplies the starting-point of great good and great evil.
He believes that the misfortune of the wise is better than the prosperity of the fool.
It is better, in short, that a good project wrecks rather than a foolish project succeed
Exercise yourself in these and kindred precepts day and night, both by yourself and with him who is like to you;
then never will you be disturbed, but will live as a god among people.
For people lose all appearance of mortality by living in the midst of immortal blessings.
Translation by Robert Drew Hicks (and some interpolations of mine!)
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