English Winners: In this lesson, we're going to talk about intonation and
stress in sentences... and the confusion that sometimes happens when you give
different words in a sentence the stress.
Now, for the sake of this lesson, it can also be an intonation pronunciation
lesson because the words that are stressed also get higher intonation.
Before I go on, let me give you a example sentence that shows you exactly what I'm
talking about: "I bought the headphones for him." "I bought
the headphones for him." The way I just said - it and you can repeat after me -
"I bought the headphones for him," is just regular pronunciation of that sentence.
We have our content words: bought, headphones. "I bought the headphones for
him." Now we're going to play with stressing different words to show you
how the meaning of the sentence changes, and what you are trying to communicate...
how that changes... just by stressing a different word.
Now, when you stress a different word other than the usual content words, that
means you are stressing that to the exclusion of something else. Let me give
you an example: "I bought the headphones for him." By stressing "I" - I bought the
headphones for him - I'm saying "I 'bought it... to the exclusion of other
people. SHE didn't buy it. THEY didn't buy it.
I bought the headphones for him. Next example: "I bought THE headphones for him."
"I bought THE headphones for him." Now not all headphones are equal; some
are better than others. So I didn't just buy any old headphones... oh no. I bought
THE headphones. The best. Not the... not -so-good headphones. Let's do three more
examples just with this one sentence.
You'd be amazed how many different
meanings can come from just the same set of words.
"I bought the HEADPHONES for him." "I bought the HEADPHONES for him." So in this one,
headphones is already a Content word, but I added that higher intonation. Now, "I
bought the HEADPHONES for him," implies that- yes, I bought the headphones, but not
anything else. Maybe he's walking around with an iPhone
iPhone 10... at the time of this video... and headphones. So people might look at that
and say, "Wow! You bought that for him?" "I bought the HEADPHONES for him." That means
'I did not buy the phone.' Okay? "I bought the headphones FOR him." "I bought
the headphones FOR him." In other words, I didn't buy the headphones for myself. I
bought the headphones for him. FOR him... the male other person in this
conversation... for them to enjoy. And last: "I bought the headphones for HIM." "I bought
the headphones for HIM." In other words, there might be two or more people there,
and I want to make sure people know who I bought the headphones for. I didn't buy
them for HER. I bought them for him. "I bought the headphones for HIM." Can you
see how, if you stress the wrong word by accident, English speakers might start
asking you more questions? Let's say you meant to say, "I bought the headphones for
him," but you said "I bought the headphones for him." Then English speakers might say,
"Oh, you did that?" When maybe, you aren't trying to draw attention to yourself; you
were trying to draw attention to the headphones, right? And now you got English
speakers asking you more questions that you didn't plan on answering; it's
because you stressed a different word by accident,
okay? BUT... this type of word stress can be done intentionally - on purpose - to draw
attention, and so that people will look at whatever you want to them to look at.
That's the brilliance of speaking English
well. Alright, so we're gonna play a little game, okay? I'm going to say an
example sentence, and then I will ask you questions, and those questions will be
your hint so that you can say the sentence again. But you're going to
stress a DIFFERENT word in the sentence - to imply - exactly what I'm telling you
should answer the question. Here is an example: "He brought her to the fashion
mall." "He brought her to the fashion mall." Did a woman bring her to the mall did a
woman bring her to the mall? So, if you answered, "No, HE brought her to the
fashion mall." "He brought her to the fashion mall," Then you did a very good
job, okay? You understand now? If not, watch this section again, and then
continue with the rest of the questions, okay? What kind of mall did he bring her
to? "He brought her to the FASHION mall." He brought her to the FASHION mall." Did he
drive around the mall with her or go inside? "He brought her TO the fashion
mall." "He brought her TO the fashion mall." There are three fashion related places
nearby: the fashion outlet, the fashion mall, and the fashion show. Which place
did he bring her to? "He brought her to the fashion MALL." "He brought her to the
fashion MALL." There are five malls in this city, but one has the best shops and
is the most popular, and the others are not so popular. Which mall
did he bring her to? "He brought her to THE fashion mall." "He brought her to THE
fashion mall." So you can say THE or the The. I prefer the the. "He brought her to THE fashion
mall." So that is our intonation / word stress in
sentences lesson. Hopefully, this opens your eyes a lot more. Are there any
sentences that initially confused you? Or any pronunciation issues you struggle
with? Let me know down in the comments. Now, English is a stress-timed language
and a stress-timed language can sometimes be challenging for people
whose first language is a non-stress- timed language, like Korean, or Japanese or
something like that, okay? So if you are Korean, you might like the Korean
pronunciation playlist. And of course you're also welcome to check out to the
regular pronunciation playlist right over there. Until then, keep on winning
English Winners, and I will see you next week.
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