Episode about Lodz suburban trams is behind us,
but still ahead there is a huge urban network.
In recent years, a number of modernization works have been carried out in city
and we will look closely at LTR and WZ routes.
We will also visit "Unicorn Stable".
We will also see a massive fleet
of high-floor wagons,
German articulated wagons
and new low-floor trams.
Let's watch!
Urban tramway network in Lodz is about 100 kilometers long.
Most importantly, this network is the most dense network among 7 biggest cities in Poland.
This means that on one square kilometer of space
or 1000 inhabitants of the city there is the largest number of tracks.
You can enjoy this fact,
because electric light-rail transport take on board many passengers
and does not emit flue gas in the city,
but it also has some consequences for tram traffic
and money needed to maintain network.
In network layout we will distinguish main routes in east-west and north-south directions.
Łódz Regional Tram project was supposed to provide a quick connection
between Lodz and Zgierz or Pabianice.
For Lodz itself it is also a very important main tram route in the north-south relation.
Modernization within the framework of ŁTR project, however, was carried out only in area of Lodz,
which included a total of 16 kilometers of tracks.
Project was supposed to provide fast tram traffic,
but ride on whole route takes over an hour,
and as a result, on the scale of other routes in Poland,
a very low transport speed
of just over 15 km/h is achieved.
There are many reasons for this situation:
- the density of 5 tram lines on central section,
which gives in rush-hour 28 departures per hour,
- 11 crossings with track changes or crossings
and associated speed limits up to 10 km/h,
- relative priority at most intersections with traffic lights
and absolute only on a few,
- a large number of stops placed on average of 420 meters
or about similar distance density of traffic lights
- on route there are as many as 38 traffic lights.
In addition, platform stops, for example, along ul. Kosciuszki
are able to handle only one double-set tram simultaneously.
When second tram arrives,
it must wait until first leave stop
which often in result ends with loss of cycle on traffic lights.
Completely renovated and extended by 4.5 km,
East-West (called "WZ") route
is the fastest tram route in Lodz.
It was the largest Lodz investment in the trams of past EU funds perspective.
In potential range of route lives every third inhabitant of city
and it covers area of Polesie, Śródmieście and Widzew.
Entire line is 17 kilometers long
and track is separated from roads.
Unfortunately, despite hiding main car roadways underground on inner section of city,
this did not limit much number and size
of crossings of trams with individual transport.
This is especially true for huge crossing of the Marshals,
where trams often lose valuable minutes.
I told you, however, that this route is the fastest in Lodz.
What does it look like compared to other cities in Poland?
The result is 20 km/h is in group of medium speeds.
It seems, however, that the route still has the potential to increase it,
while implementing a priority strategy that is more favorable to trams.
Hiding main roadways of WZ route underground,
let to build on tramway an impressive interchange.
It is located in city center, between intersections with streets of Piotrkowska and Kościuszki,
at intersection with ŁTR route.
The four-track stop clearly stands out from image of modernized WZ route,
mostly covered with concrete
and colored membranes are imitating stained glass,
contributing name given by residents:
"Unicorn Stable".
The roof of the facility is 13-meters-high,
it is 100-meters-long and 33-meters-wide.
On platform stands are benches,
ticket machines
and nearest departures are displayed on passenger information tables.
8 tram lines cross here.
Change of ŁTR tram route also caused in creation of
new tracks on Piotrkowska street
and their closed system allows for emergency return of trams in city center.
"Do not take photos because the film will break!"
"The film will burst, man!"
There is more interchange nodes integrating trams
with other means of transport in Lodz.
Over time, importance of second four-track junction will increase
- at Łódź Fabryczna,
which is connecting trams with trains, city buses and long-distance ones.
Similar functions are also available at Łódź Kaliska station.
Integration with agglomeration rail has more stops,
among others those in Dąbrowa or Żabieniec.
The last stop of the WZ route on Retkinia also serves as a hub
for city buses operating to Lodz Special Economic Zone,
are bringing passengers to trams.
In tram infrastructure we will see solutions to improve theirs traffic.
For this purpose, two track sections are created before intersections,
allowing to select the direction of motion before intersection.
Regardless of order in signals cycle,
there will be no effect of blocking trams
traveling in different directions one by one.
Another option for a flexible choice of driving directions is on tramway roundabouts
- on Freedom Square or Lotników Lwowskich.
On the one hand, these places allow you to choose any direction of driving,
but on the other hand, in daily use, they limit transport speed
by crossing multiple turns at one intersection.
Trend of recent years is also integration of trams with buses
on a common lane with exchange of passengers
at one stop edge.
On network we will also see an unusual tram stop on Śmigłego-Rydza street
with a very narrow platform
and crossing of 3-lane car road.
My mind in subject of suburban trams
also skipped North loop.
Once it was a very important end stop on map of Lodz,
because located in center, closest to the Freedom Square.
Her glory days were in the 60's,
when here ended most of suburban lines
and also city ones like 26 and 26 bis.
End stop called also as Station had distinctive S-shaped waiting room
and a long canopy over the platform.
Currently, loop is used by suburban
line 43 going to Konstantynów Łódzki and Lutomiersk.
In Lodz there are two tram depots in operation:
Chocianowice and Telefoniczna.
The second one is also the second largest tram depot in Poland.
Telefoniczna has 10 hectares of land
and about 300 wagons can be stationed there.
The covered part consists of a 2-track car wash,
a 6-track auditorium and an 8-track repair hall.
The parking space is in turn a layout of as many as 28 tracks
enabling maneuvering and stopping of wagons.
In depot are also technical vehicles:
cranes or transport wagons with plows.
In this depot, the latest PESA low-floor MPK trams are parked.
Huge tramway network requires a lot of rolling stock
and, above all, funds for its modernization and exchange.
Still, base in Łódź tram fleet is Konstal 805Na high-floor tram
and its derivative versions.
In total, MPK has over 400 wagons of this type
and half of them are more or less modernized.
In near future it is planned to renovate another 14 units.
At present, modernization includes replacement of front and rear walls of wagon,
installation of impulse drive,
glued windows
and 3 instead of 4 pairs of sliding doors,
as well as installation of passenger information system,
which consists of displays and voice announcements.
The cost of modernizing two wagons
is estimated at 1.8 million zlotys.
Lodz rolling stock is also created by German Duewag trams.
These articulated wagons are available in multiple variants of length and width.
Some of them are bidirectional
and the oldest trams of this brand are over 50 years old!
At present MPK is modernizing younger M8C trams,
which also incorporate many elements like in 805's,
but the most important upgrade is to replace middle tram section
with a low floor section.
Thanks to this, middle doors give direct access to low-floor part of vehicle.
This is great for older people, with strollers or on wheelchairs.
As part of experiment this year another generation of Duewag from German Bochum was introduced.
Vehicle produced in 1994
is 62% low-floor
and is almost 29-meters-long.
Tram successfully passed test on Lodz track
and today it has been decided in tender to purchase of another 32 trams of this type.
One Duewag will cost almost 420 thousand zlotys,
but trams require preparation for running in city.
This purchase will allow to retire several dozen high-floor 805's trams.
The full-low-floor trams era started in Lodz in 2001,
when it was bought 15 Canadian trams Bombardier Cityrunner.
This type of tram will not be found in any other Polish city.
Six years after Cityrunner delivery, city bought
new trams from Pesa to service modernized ŁTR route.
Inside Tramicus tram,
passengers have up to 63 seats
and some of them are set up in a 2+1 configuration.
Newest Lodz trams are Swings from Pesa,
bought during modernization and extension of the WZ route.
It was also the largest purchase of new trams for many years,
including 22 vehicles purchased.
These wagons are wider than the standard Swings produced for other cities.
Despite difference of 5 centimeters,
it is inside the wagon visible and guarantees more surface to stand.
In addition, the transitions between trolleys are better planned,
because the seats are set in parallel, rather than sloping to the axis of the passage through the vehicle.
However, there is 40% less seats in the car than in Tramicus,
we have 1+1 seat configuration
and large free areas in 2 and 4 section
with place for bicycles, wheelchairs or children strollers.
During the production there are 12 new Swing for Lodz.
Specific challenges are facing Lodz tram network for coming years.
Many of tracks require modernization,
which will further increase speed of trams.
Some of routes will be renovated as part of revitalization of Śródmieście
and biggest project will be "Tram for Łódź".
It includes construction of two short sections of track
and repair of existing ones.
Under this project,
11 km of routes will be covered.
The Chocianowice Depot will also be modernized,
which will be adapted to operate low-floor trams.
There will be also bought 30 new trams for this depot,
on which order should be shortly published.
These purchases and 32 used trams
will probably not even allow for replacement of all the 805's trams yet,
but they will be much closer to that point.
Meanwhile great thanks for your attention
and see you next time!
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