Youtube daily report Jan 13 2019

hi I'm Lindsey bellman a board certified behavior analyst with Brett DiNovi and

Associates in this video we're going to talk about incidental teaching a type of

naturalistic teaching procedure incidental teaching falls under item co5

on the RBT task list under fo6 on the fourth edition b c b a b c a b a

task list and under g9 on the upcoming fifth edition b c b a b c a b a task

list naturalistic teaching it is umbrella term for research-based

interventions rooted in operant teaching in the natural environment

some examples of naturalistic teaching methods are incidental teaching which we

will discuss further pivotal response training the natural language paradigm

and the man model procedure when people think of ABA teaching methods many are

quick to think that the only strategy we have is discrete trial teaching while

discrete trial teaching is heavily researched and is shown to be effective

in building language and other skills naturalistic teaching is a nice

companion to help with generalization spontaneity and naturally occurring

contingencies naturalistic teaching methods are still ABA teaching

strategies because intervention protocols are composed of operant

teaching techniques intervention goals are socially significant the results are

analyzed by assessing progress before during and after intervention and they

are enhanced by research in areas such as shaping fading discrimination

training and I was learning let's take a closer look

at incidental teaching this is one of the more commonly used in well known

forms of naturalistic teaching it was developed by dr. Betty Hart and dr. Todd

Risley in the 1960s and 1970s it was first used with disadvantaged

preschoolers and later applied to learners with autism dr. Gail McGee

completed many expansions of incidental teaching procedures beginning in the

1980s further research has more recently been conducted by others as well in 1975

dr. Hart and dr. Risley defined incidental teaching as the interaction

between an adult and a single child which arises naturally an unstructured

situation such as free play and which is used by the adult to transmit

information or give the child practice in developing a skill critics have

called incidental teaching applied behavioral analysis in sheep's clothing

this seems fitting as you'll see that the steps to incidental teaching flow

like a natural occurring scenario without the rigidity of a discrete trial

method the procedure outlined by Hart and Risley follows just a few steps

first arrange the setting to include child preferred materials be sure to

keep them out of reach but visible and seemingly available to the child second

wait for the child to initiate an interaction with respect to one of the

items this means you're looking for the learner to look at the item for a few

moments approach the item or reach for the item be careful not to verbally

prompt a learner by asking what they want or this will convert the activity

into a discrete trial car once the initiation is made take the item hold it

within eyesight and request more elaborate descriptive language or

approximations of stage before giving the item

yellow car yellow car be sure to immediately give them the exact item

they've requested for incidental teaching has not occurred the problem

behavior arises discontinued the incidental teaching procedure and direct

to another activity or follow a behavior specific protocol over time use shaping

and time delays to develop more elaborate or accurate approximations of

the targeted verbal response dr. McGee conducted several studies on how to

expand incidental teaching to a variety of areas including receptive labeling

prepositions reading and social interactions via peer training it's

important to note but they were still considered incidental procedures because

they occurred in the natural environment they required a targeted receptive or

expressive response from the learner and they were followed by access to

activities and events that would be expected to maintain the behavior and

naturally occurring contingencies so once your learner has mastered manding

for items consider expanding to some of these other areas

now no there are many advantages to incidental teaching one it's family

friendly as parents can implement these strategies in their natural environments

amidst ongoing activities such as meals play community outings - if teaches

language skills while some simultaneously shaping other skills such

as play life skills and social skills research shows children taught language

through incidental teaching were better able to transfer their language to new

settings and people than when taught by discrete child teaching alone social

initiations and choice-making are reinforced naturally by the incidental

teaching procedure as children choose their activities or items and are

required to engage in a social initiative to get them last learners

receive intensive intervention long gauging and age-appropriate play

activities using toys as the teaching materials and the rewards thanks for

watching this episode of hacking clinical behavior if you'd like to learn

more about other naturalistic teaching strategies or other specific ABA topics

please comment below

you

For more infomation >> Incidental Teaching Debunks Applied Behavior Analysis Critics - Duration: 5:24.

-------------------------------------------

Gorgeous Cozy Manufactured Home Transitions CB-4603C with 3 Bedrooms from Champion Homes - Duration: 5:11.

Gorgeous Cozy Manufactured Home Transitions CB-4603C with 3 Bedrooms from Champion Homes

For more infomation >> Gorgeous Cozy Manufactured Home Transitions CB-4603C with 3 Bedrooms from Champion Homes - Duration: 5:11.

-------------------------------------------

Police charge 30 'violent Bloods gang members' over 169 felonies - Duration: 5:34.

Police have arrested 30 alleged Bloods gang members in early morning raids across the Atlanta area in a major sting linked to 169 felonies

 Two separate indictments were handed down to two different suspected Blood gang sets - the Ape (All Profit and Extortion) Gang and the Bounty Hunter Bloods

They are accused of a string of crimes including murders, drugs offences and racketeering

 Cobb District Attorney Vic Reynolds said the arrests were a result of ten months of investigation and started with two separate murders

He said: 'Both of these gangs without any equivocation are violent gangs. Law enforcement has managed today to take a number of violent offenders off the street

'Law enforcement began the investigations of the murder cases a number of months ago and began realizing this was gang-motivated criminal activity, which led to the investigation of various other crimes

'Police arrested 20 suspects at six locations. Some of those indicted - at least 13 - were already in jail

Those arrested face charges of murder, racketeering, drug possession and showing gang signs on Facebook

Chief Mike Register said: 'They're dangerous, not because of what they've done one time, but what they continue to do

They're repeat offenders.' The murder charges are connected to the death of Ny'Jaia Glanton in December 2017 and Tyon Gorman, 19, in April 2018, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution reports

Glanton, 22, was found shot in the head inside a Highlands Parkway hotel. Misheon Tysam Gadson, 21, known as 'Hitter Ape' and Dealma Marie Washington, 41, AKA 'Lady Muscle', were indicted over his death

And 18-year-old Je'Marquise Wright, known as 'Pac Man', was indicted over the death of Gorman

He was shot outside a Bells Ferry Road shopping center.Members of the Bounty Hunters gang face 120 charges against 20 individuals with 49 total charges against 10 suspected members of the APE Gang

All 30 face gang charges and violation of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act

Several are accused of various other crimes, The Marietta Daily Journal reports.Clayton County Police Department said SWAT teams raided homes at 5am in Cobb and Clayton, serving warrants

RELATED ARTICLES Previous 1 Next The boy who lost his way: In this searing interview, the

Inside London's bloody drugs war: How rival gangs are vying. Share this article Share Clara Jones' son, Randy Jones, 19, is charged with racketeering and violating his probation for possessing marijuana

She told Channel 2 Action News: 'He's not a gang member. Nothing can make me believe that, nothing

'Clayton police said in a statement: 'The amazing collaboration among several different law enforcement agencies and jurisdictions to bring these fugitives to justice is what law enforcement officials dedicate their lives toward

This is win for everyone.'The operation was led by Cobb County Police Department with the help of the FBI, Marietta Police and Clayton County Police Departments

 THE 'GANG MEMBERS' INDICTED Keshawn Cowvins, faces charges of robbery by sudden snatching, possession of alprazolam, possession of less than one ounce of marijuana, possession of marijuana with intent to distribute and possession of alprazolam with intent to distribute       Terrione Jackson faces charges of aggravated assault on a police officer, fleeing or attempting to elude a police officer, interference with government property, possession of a handgun by a person under the age of 18 and two counts of batteryTaysjhon Jackson  Mehki Hilali faces charges of two counts of battery    Cameron Fleming faces charges of two counts of battery     Johnnel Green Jr faces charges of possession of marijuana with intent to distribute, possession of oxycodone with intent to distribute, possession of a firearm during commission of a felony and theft by receiving stolen property (firearm)    Deante ClarkBianca Reine faces charges of possession of marijuana with intent to distribute, theft by receiving stolen property (firearm) and possession of MDMATyrone Eugene Bascom, also known as 'Uno'   

For more infomation >> Police charge 30 'violent Bloods gang members' over 169 felonies - Duration: 5:34.

-------------------------------------------

Dormir con temperatura baja o aire acondicionado es beneficioso para nuestra salud| Noticias 24/7 - Duration: 7:36.

For more infomation >> Dormir con temperatura baja o aire acondicionado es beneficioso para nuestra salud| Noticias 24/7 - Duration: 7:36.

-------------------------------------------

Fiat Tipo - Duration: 0:32.

For more infomation >> Fiat Tipo - Duration: 0:32.

-------------------------------------------

Fiat Tipo - Duration: 0:32.

For more infomation >> Fiat Tipo - Duration: 0:32.

-------------------------------------------

Fiat Talento - Duration: 1:12.

For more infomation >> Fiat Talento - Duration: 1:12.

-------------------------------------------

Fiat Tipo - Duration: 0:42.

For more infomation >> Fiat Tipo - Duration: 0:42.

-------------------------------------------

Fiat Tipo - Duration: 0:42.

For more infomation >> Fiat Tipo - Duration: 0:42.

-------------------------------------------

Fiat Tipo - Duration: 0:44.

For more infomation >> Fiat Tipo - Duration: 0:44.

-------------------------------------------

Fiat 124 Spider - Duration: 0:45.

For more infomation >> Fiat 124 Spider - Duration: 0:45.

-------------------------------------------

Fiat 124 Spider - Duration: 0:42.

For more infomation >> Fiat 124 Spider - Duration: 0:42.

-------------------------------------------

Fiat Tipo - Duration: 0:39.

For more infomation >> Fiat Tipo - Duration: 0:39.

-------------------------------------------

Helene Fischer: „Ich werde mich jetzt Mal ein bisschen zurückziehen"! - Duration: 5:31.

For more infomation >> Helene Fischer: „Ich werde mich jetzt Mal ein bisschen zurückziehen"! - Duration: 5:31.

-------------------------------------------

Incidental Teaching Debunks Applied Behavior Analysis Critics - Duration: 5:24.

hi I'm Lindsey bellman a board certified behavior analyst with Brett DiNovi and

Associates in this video we're going to talk about incidental teaching a type of

naturalistic teaching procedure incidental teaching falls under item co5

on the RBT task list under fo6 on the fourth edition b c b a b c a b a

task list and under g9 on the upcoming fifth edition b c b a b c a b a task

list naturalistic teaching it is umbrella term for research-based

interventions rooted in operant teaching in the natural environment

some examples of naturalistic teaching methods are incidental teaching which we

will discuss further pivotal response training the natural language paradigm

and the man model procedure when people think of ABA teaching methods many are

quick to think that the only strategy we have is discrete trial teaching while

discrete trial teaching is heavily researched and is shown to be effective

in building language and other skills naturalistic teaching is a nice

companion to help with generalization spontaneity and naturally occurring

contingencies naturalistic teaching methods are still ABA teaching

strategies because intervention protocols are composed of operant

teaching techniques intervention goals are socially significant the results are

analyzed by assessing progress before during and after intervention and they

are enhanced by research in areas such as shaping fading discrimination

training and I was learning let's take a closer look

at incidental teaching this is one of the more commonly used in well known

forms of naturalistic teaching it was developed by dr. Betty Hart and dr. Todd

Risley in the 1960s and 1970s it was first used with disadvantaged

preschoolers and later applied to learners with autism dr. Gail McGee

completed many expansions of incidental teaching procedures beginning in the

1980s further research has more recently been conducted by others as well in 1975

dr. Hart and dr. Risley defined incidental teaching as the interaction

between an adult and a single child which arises naturally an unstructured

situation such as free play and which is used by the adult to transmit

information or give the child practice in developing a skill critics have

called incidental teaching applied behavioral analysis in sheep's clothing

this seems fitting as you'll see that the steps to incidental teaching flow

like a natural occurring scenario without the rigidity of a discrete trial

method the procedure outlined by Hart and Risley follows just a few steps

first arrange the setting to include child preferred materials be sure to

keep them out of reach but visible and seemingly available to the child second

wait for the child to initiate an interaction with respect to one of the

items this means you're looking for the learner to look at the item for a few

moments approach the item or reach for the item be careful not to verbally

prompt a learner by asking what they want or this will convert the activity

into a discrete trial car once the initiation is made take the item hold it

within eyesight and request more elaborate descriptive language or

approximations of stage before giving the item

yellow car yellow car be sure to immediately give them the exact item

they've requested for incidental teaching has not occurred the problem

behavior arises discontinued the incidental teaching procedure and direct

to another activity or follow a behavior specific protocol over time use shaping

and time delays to develop more elaborate or accurate approximations of

the targeted verbal response dr. McGee conducted several studies on how to

expand incidental teaching to a variety of areas including receptive labeling

prepositions reading and social interactions via peer training it's

important to note but they were still considered incidental procedures because

they occurred in the natural environment they required a targeted receptive or

expressive response from the learner and they were followed by access to

activities and events that would be expected to maintain the behavior and

naturally occurring contingencies so once your learner has mastered manding

for items consider expanding to some of these other areas

now no there are many advantages to incidental teaching one it's family

friendly as parents can implement these strategies in their natural environments

amidst ongoing activities such as meals play community outings - if teaches

language skills while some simultaneously shaping other skills such

as play life skills and social skills research shows children taught language

through incidental teaching were better able to transfer their language to new

settings and people than when taught by discrete child teaching alone social

initiations and choice-making are reinforced naturally by the incidental

teaching procedure as children choose their activities or items and are

required to engage in a social initiative to get them last learners

receive intensive intervention long gauging and age-appropriate play

activities using toys as the teaching materials and the rewards thanks for

watching this episode of hacking clinical behavior if you'd like to learn

more about other naturalistic teaching strategies or other specific ABA topics

please comment below

you

For more infomation >> Incidental Teaching Debunks Applied Behavior Analysis Critics - Duration: 5:24.

-------------------------------------------

What is Glaucoma - What Causes Glaucoma (Simple Answer) - Duration: 8:08.

So what exactly is Glaucoma?

and

What causes it?

Well in this video I't going to be covering just that and more!

So let's...take a look!

Hey guys welcome to Doctor Eye Health! I'm Dr. Joseph Allen

and it's my passion to help educate people all about the eyes

Vision, and finding the best vision products

So if you're new here, consider SUBSCRIBING

Also check out the show notes below or further info about anything we mention

Otherwise let's go over "What is Glaucoma"

So glaucoma is a condition or a disease

where the optic nerve dies

over time leading to vision loss and blindness

Now lets stop and break that into pieces and make more sense out of it

the optic nerve is the chord that connects the eye to the brain

Light enters the eye, hits the retina

and that information gets sent down the optic nerve

to the visual processing centers, of your brain

and that gives you your eyesight

So if something causes damage to the nerve or the nerve dies

and yeah...blindness sucks

However, most cases of glaucoma

are actually detected very early

with comprehensive eye exams

and treatment is excellent

most people who get regular eye exams

get glaucoma detected early on

so that with treatments most people never go blind from glaucoma any more

except there are some types of glaucoma

that are very complicated and severe

so even with the best treatments some people can lose vision

and go blind from this condition

now what most people think about when they see their eye doctor

and they think about glaucoma

they think EYE PRESSURE

because there is this pressure test at any eye exam you will have

where again we check the pressure

and we are checking that to make sure the pressure isn't too high

and its true. HIGH EYE PRESSURE is associated

with most types of Glaucoma

However, not all of them

You can actually develop glaucoma even with NORMAL EYE PRESSURES

and we call that NORMAL TENSION GLAUCOMA

And just a fun fact for today's video

a normal eye pressure for most people

is between 10 and 21 millimeters of murcery

now whether someone develops high eye pressures

or normal tension glaucoma

the treatment is really the same we either prescribe

medicated eye drops or surgery to low that pressure down

and for most people the treatment is really good

however their are people where even if we

bring that pressure really low they still advance

and they lose vision

and so early detection is really key when it comes to glaucoma

so if you haven't had an eye exam in the last year

I really hope you can call you eye doctor and get seen

just to make sure you are not developing this common disease

so now "What Causes Glaucoma?"

and honestly I don't know, in fact

its kind of still a medical mystery

we don't know the exact cause for glaucoma

however there are many different theories out there

and we do know that most types of glaucoma again

are associated with that elevated eye pressure

so lets at least go over what eye pressure is

inside the eye and how it damages

the nerve and causes glaucoma

so within the eye there is actually a fluid

it's as clear fluid that acts like the blood of the eye

it supplies energy and nutrients

to the eye to keep it healthy and we call that fluid the AQUEOUS HUMOUR

this aqueous humour is generated inside the eye

by a structure called the ciliary body

and the ciliary body is constantly generating this fluid

all the time...every day

and this fluid actually flows from the ciliary body

behind the iris, it goes through the pupil

and it actually drains through a structure called the ANGLE

and that's the junction created by the iris, the colored part of the eye,

and the cornea, the clear window to the eye

and if for some reason...this drain gets plugged up

the ciliary body keeps producing aqueous humour

and the pressure starts to get higher and higher

and the problem with high eye pressure

you can think of it like a bike tire

filled with a lot of air

if you keep pumping the air pressure higher and higher

and the weakest part of the tire

will eventually thin

and bulge outward

and if you keep pumping the air

that bulge will eventually pop

so the same concept happens with the eye.

if the pressure keeps getting higher and higher

the weakest part of the eye will bulge outward

and the weakest part is the optic nerve.

In fact, we call that optic nerve head cupping

because when the doctor looks at the eye, it looks like a cup

so when that happens

the individual nerves that make up the optic nerve

there's about a million different fibers

those fibers actually get pinched off

and they eventually die

and that's what causes vision loss

in fact the vision loss that starts with glaucoma

usually develops so slowly...

that people don't even realize it's happening until it's too late

until its already into the moderate stages of the disease

now the type of vision loss, if you ever experience glaucoma

and you experience the vision loss...it happens in your side vision

your peripheral vision

will slowly fade to dark

and it usually starts in one quadrant

sometimes forms an arc over the top of your vision

it can then include the lower part of your vision

and progresses to complete tunnel vision

if it continues to progress without treatment

it can even affect the central part of your vision

until you have none left

now although eye pressure plays a significant role

it is not the only cause for glaucoma

in fact the disease is associated with many risk factors

such as genetics, age

history of trauma

and then other diseases like high blood pressure and even diabetes

so now who is at the greatest risk for glaucoma?

well the reality is that anybody can get glaucoma

but people with a family history are more likely to get it

so you have a grandma or grandpa who had glaucoma

or a parent or a sibling make sure you let your doctor know

because they are going to want to know that

people of older age are also more likely

so if your over the age of 60...your at a higher risk

if you have any African or Hispanic heritage

you are at higher risk

now again age and risk go hand in hand for glaucoma

but you can actually get the disease at any time

even children can be born with glaucoma

and we call that congenital glaucoma

now the big take away I want from this video

is that glaucoma can be detected early on

and treated to prevent vision loss

or at least delay it

so its really important that you have an eye exam

so if you haven't had an eye exam this last year

I hope that you can call your eye doctor and get seen

Remember that you only get 2 eyes, so please take care of them!

Have you ever been diagnosed with glaucoma? How long?

Did you find this video helpful?

Make sure to connect with us in the comment section below!

Thank you everybody! If you would like to do me a favor..hit that LIKE button down below

SUBSCRIBE if your new and SHARE this video with friends and family

Dont miss other cool videos from Doctor Eye Health

Just Click or tap the screen over here!

Keep an Eye on it...and we will talk soon.

This is Zelda!

Isn't she cute? What do you think of Zelda?

For more infomation >> What is Glaucoma - What Causes Glaucoma (Simple Answer) - Duration: 8:08.

-------------------------------------------

河野景子さん、澤穂希さんの甘えたがる夫に「イチャイチャは続かない」 - Duration: 2:55.

拡大写真 澤 希さん  　 なでしこジャパン 将の澤穂希さん（ ０）が１３日放送 日本テレビ系「行 のできる法律相談 ３時間ＳＰ　さん ＶＳ怒れる美男美 軍団」（後７時） 出演

夫でＪリーグ・仙 のスタッフを務め 辻上裕章氏（４２ に苦言を呈した。 　辻上氏は、澤さ にどんな時もかま てもらいたがると う

ＶＴＲ出演した辻 氏は、澤さんに甘 続けることについ 「出産してから子 に目が行きがちな で、時には僕もア ールしないと

完全なルーチーン す」と理由を明か た。 　ＭＣの明 家さんま（６３） 「（旦那さんは） えたがり（だね） と話を振ると、澤 んは「どちらかと うと子供より私な ですよ

いつか子供は巣立 ていくけど、夫婦 ずっとこれからも 緒だからと言って る」と返答した

 　ゲスト出演し 、元貴乃花親方（ 横綱）の花田光司 （４６）の元妻で フジテレビアナウ サーの河野景子さ （５４）は、さん からこの話題につ て意見を求められ と、「昔はイチャ チャがありました ど、それはずっと かないと思う」と ッパリ話した

　

For more infomation >> 河野景子さん、澤穂希さんの甘えたがる夫に「イチャイチャは続かない」 - Duration: 2:55.

-------------------------------------------

Caan - High Tides - Duration: 3:29.

diamonds dancing diamonds dancing now

eyes are dancing eyes are dancing now

let me put it on the line for you cos you always know i'll ride for you

keep your head above the water cos we ain't ever coming down

you won't be falling by the wayside just tripping in the afternoon

we're just waves on the high tide

you won't be falling by the wayside just tripping in the afternoon

we're just waves on the high tide

i'm in my zone now i'm in my zone out of body when my eyes close

Would you give up on yourself for me?

take that book up off the shelf for me keep your head above the water

cos we ain't ever coming down

you won't be falling by the wayside just tripping in the afternoon

we're just waves on the high tide

you won't be falling by the wayside just tripping in the afternoon

we're just waves on the high tide

You won't be falling, you won't be falling, you won't be falling

You won't be falling, you won't be falling, you won't be falling

You'll be tripping with me now, You'll be tripping with me now,

you won't be falling by the wayside just tripping in the afternoon

we're just waves on the high tide

you won't be falling by the wayside just tripping in the afternoon

we're just waves on the high tide

you won't be falling by the wayside just tripping in the afternoon

we're just waves on the high tide

you won't be falling by the wayside just tripping in the afternoon

we're just waves on the high tide

For more infomation >> Caan - High Tides - Duration: 3:29.

-------------------------------------------

Gorgeous Cozy Manufactured Home Transitions CB-4603C with 3 Bedrooms from Champion Homes - Duration: 5:11.

Gorgeous Cozy Manufactured Home Transitions CB-4603C with 3 Bedrooms from Champion Homes

For more infomation >> Gorgeous Cozy Manufactured Home Transitions CB-4603C with 3 Bedrooms from Champion Homes - Duration: 5:11.

-------------------------------------------

Not Last Week Tonight - Title IX [Clean] - Duration: 10:56.

Welcome, welcome, welcome to Not Last Week Tonight. My name is Claire Rood. I am the Legislative Director for ASPCC Cascade

and today we're talking about Title IX. Quick trigger warning: Title IX is, in part, about sexual assault.

So if you're sensitive to descriptions of sexual violence, don't worry.

This is all policy stuff. If you are triggered by shade, however, this video might disturb you.

Last November, the Department of Education released its long-awaited overhaul of campus sexual assault policies,

otherwise known as Title IX. And surprise! It's a trash fire!

So ASPCC is running a HandsOffIX campaign to tell Education Secretary Betsy DeVos

to keep her hands off Title IX. But we realized that most people don't

super duper know what Title IX is. So let's get into it. What the f**k is Title IX?

Title IX was passed in 1972 as part of the Education Amendments.

It's a federal civil rights law and it states that "no person in the United States shall, on the

basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any

education program or activity receiving federal assistance."

Which is basically all schools. It prohibits sexual harassment, sexual assault or any gender-based discrimination

that might deny a student access to educational opportunities.

If a college receives a report of sexual violence, under Title IX, it is required to investigate that claim or at least provide

accommodations to help survivors continue their education.

I should say here that I am using "sexual assault" as a blanket term to describe any sexual violence. While there are important differences

between, for example, verbal harassment and rape,

both exist on the same spectrum of violence that Title IX attempts to address.

The most important things to remember are: (1) rape culture is a thing and it's not up for debate, and

(2) Congress enacted Title IX to protect people who are experiencing gender discrimination.

These new rules, proposed by this new administration,

focus on protecting people who perpetuate campus violence.

Secretary DeVos, seen here with her advisers, is trying to reframe Title IX

And she's doing this by changing the evidentiary standard to make it harder to prove an assault occurred;

Narrowing the definition of sexual violence, so schools are only required to investigate the most obviously violent claims,

while sweeping all other assault and harassment under the rug;

limiting a school's jurisdiction; and letting accused students

Cross-examine their accusers and witnesses via a third party in a live hearing.

Now, all these changes will, together,

have the effect of silencing survivors. But let's look at them one-by-one.

Evidentiary standards.

The Obama administration made it a priority to crack down on schools that weren't taking campus sexual assault seriously.

Before Obama, colleges could get away with dismissing assault allegations.

Which is a huge issue because rape is rampant on, like, Earth. And certainly in college.

So in 2011, the Obama administration issued the Dear Colleague letter, or the DCL,

advising all colleges to use the preponderance of the evidence standard to determine guilt in sexual assault

cases. In September of 2017, a mere thousand years ago,

Education Secretary and sentient knockoff Coach bag Betsy DeVos

announced that the department would rescind the 2011 letter,

signaling to schools that they would no longer be held accountable for how well they were adhering to Title IX.

It's no surprise, then, that the new rules would allow for a higher

standard of evidence than the preponderance standard

And I know what some of you are thinking. "Claire you keep saying

preponderance like I know what that means." So what is the preponderance standard?

There are three evidentiary standards.

One, the highest standard, is "beyond a reasonable doubt", as in the evidence that someone is guilty of a crime is so

convincing that no reasonable person would question at the defendants guilt.

We use this in criminal courts because the consequence in that setting is loss of life and liberty.

The second is "clear and convincing evidence", which is like, "We're 70 percent sure this happened."

So it's on a crime victim to prove that it is substantially more likely than not that a crime was committed.

And third, the lowest standard, is "the preponderance of the evidence".

We use this in civil lawsuits and in cases alleging discrimination.

It means "we're like 51 percent sure this happened and not as convinced that it didn't happen."

The lower standard is used in civil suits because no one's losing any rights --

they're just being sued or losing a privilege.

One of the arguments against using a lower standard of evidence

is that courts use a higher standard when they deal with sex crimes.

This inclination to defer to the criminal justice system is misguided.

We don't want to replicate the criminal justice system in schools. That's called the School to Prison Pipeline and it's real racist.

Maybe we'll go over in another video. For now, let's focus on Title IX.

The goals of these two institutions -- higher ed and criminal justice -- are very different.

A criminal courts goals are punishment and incarceration, while schools are concerned with equity.

So in order to achieve the goals of higher education, it's necessary to continue using the lower standard of evidence.

Critics also claim that the preponderance standard is unfair to

accused students because, they say, it doesn't provide adequate due process protections.

They're wrong.

And yet, the Department of Education is "both-sides-ing" this issue.

It's been building its Title IX policies on a false equivalence between the experience

of a student reporting sexual assault and that of a student accused of it.

When we talk about sexual assault on campuses, and when we talk about problems faced by survivors,

we actually don't have to talk about false accusations as if they're an equally pertinent issue.

False accusations just aren't that common.

Men are more likely to experience sexual violence than to be falsely accused of it.

And even the most sympathetic studies find that between 92 and 98 percent of

assault allegations are true.

Still, some people say things like, "Sexual assault and rape are very serious problems,

but so is being falsely accused.

Yeah, but it's not the same thing. Because as evidenced by the need for the Dear Colleague Letter,

nothing really happens when someone is accused of assault. Most of the time, nothing happens.

Some of the time, they're confirmed the Supreme Court.

Twice. Twice that's happened.

It's important to validate the tacit obviousness that false accusations are bad. We all agree on that.

But they're not as likely as being raped or assaulted.

Being punished for something you didn't do is serious . Like plane-crashing-into-your-house serious.

But like a plane crashing into your house, the chances are extremely slim.

The DCL was issued because colleges aren't disciplining students for assault,

even when they're found responsible for it. Could Title IX be improved?

No, duh!

But that reform has to be grounded in an acknowledgement that gender violence is

widespread and that, in fact, the history of women's state-sanctioned legal and sexual subordination to men

makes a scenario wherein men are punished for violence against women seem unfair.

When you're not used to being held accountable for your actions,

accountability can feel like unfairness.

Any policy that doesn't acknowledge this full history and context of the issue is irresponsible.

Title IX is a civil rights law.

We use the preponderance standard in all other cases alleging civil rights violations on campus.

There's no Office for Quasi-Criminal boners in the Department of Education

because Title IX isn't about criminalizing boners.

Title IX is enforced by the Office for Civil Rights because it's a civil rights issue.

We don't need to carve out some special protection for accused pervs.

So that's the first policy change proposed by DeVos, a woman who could not articulate the role of the Office for Civil Rights.

Excuse me, while I shoot fire out of my eyes.

The other changes are pretty straightforward.

A change to the definition of assault under Title IX. Quoting these super nerdy website Vox.

(That's "Vox" with a V, not an F.)

"The 2011 guidelines defined sexual harassment as 'unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature'.

But the new rules set a stricter standard for what constitutes harassment, defining it as 'unwelcome

conduct on the basis of sex

that is so severe, pervasive and objectively offensive that it denies a person access to the school's education program or activity'."

That is so many words and so unhelpful.

This is reminiscent of the old "not that bad" response to gender violence. Under the new definition,

schools could ignore incidents that don't look like The Purge.

Next, jurisdiction. The current regulations require schools to process cases of assault that occur on and off campus.

The new rules would ease that regulation by allowing schools to ignore off-campus incidents.

This is especially significant for PCC students because we don't have campus housing,

no one lives on campus and our student body is f**king huge! Like, larger than the population of Rhode Island huge.

And finally, cross-examination and live hearings.

DeVos's new rules would require schools to hold live hearings where accused students can cross-examine

accusers and witnesses via a lawyer or advocate.

We know that cross-examination can be triggering for survivors,

and therefore, is not a useful fact-finding tool. Title IX is about giving survivors the support

they need to stay in schools.

These new rules simply don't achieve the goal of the law, which is to protect students who are experiencing gender violence.

In 1972, not unlike today,

Americans had to reckon with the idea that behavior long considered harmless --

like locking someone in your office and taking your dick out, Matt Lauer, or

getting someone too drunk to consent to sex --

are actually forms of discrimination that do longterm, material damage to women as a class.

The persistence of a sexist culture hurts everyone, both socially and economically,

and for decades. There are tons of women and gender non-conforming

people, and some men, who say things like, "I was raped in medical school. I'm not a doctor now."

"I was raped in law school.

I'm not a lawyer now." So we can see the effects last a long time and they affect everyone.

The misogyny that targets cisgender women is the same misogyny that targets trans people, queer people, even fraternity pledges,

anyone who doesn't conform to traditional expectations of sex and gender.

We need to expand civil rights on campus and in general, not rein

them in, as DeVos is trying to do.

And this time, students have the power to stop this messy

administration from rolling back our rights. But we only have until January 28th!

If you want to get involved with the HandsOffIX campaign, go to your campus

ASPCC office and ask for one of the lovely Legislative Directors or email me directly at claire.rood@pcc.edu.

Thanks for watching and happy 2019! Keep an eye out for Title IX events on your campuses.

Now here are some things I didn't get to say about Betsy DeVos.

For more infomation >> Not Last Week Tonight - Title IX [Clean] - Duration: 10:56.

-------------------------------------------

(2003) PlayStation 2 Broadband (Chart) (English captions available) - Duration: 0:16.

The number of people of people enjoying broadband games... (Left: Men, Right: Women)

Seems set to rapidly increase this year. (Left: Men, Right: Women)

Why could that be?

Broadband and PS2.

New places to play are being born on the PlayStation 2.

On June 12, let's gather for Final Fantasy XI.